HUNGRY for KNOWLEDGE

Random topics on Chemistry Application

2010-03-27T04:00:00.000-07:00

Flip flip flip the Chemistry Application booklet, reminding me of the good times we used to spend. Missing Susan, Richie, Jo Sze and Ling they all...

Anyways, let's get down to business.

Fullerene, C60
Fullerene, C70 (a scientific and brief one)
From Wiki, Fullerene (Sorry mate, I just can't avoid taking it from Wiki. But the C20 is interesting!)
BioRemediation (this is very loooooooooooooooooooooooooooooong, but I HOPE it has included everthing you need...)
Another BioRemed (I don't know how to go into details on this topic because it's toooo wide, however, we try our best ya...)

X-Ray Crystallography

2010-03-23T01:55:00.000-07:00

Introduction to X-Ray Crystallography
A video on mounting the crystal (from Wiki)
YahooAnswer on NaCl electron density map
History of Molecular Visualisation (erm... not so related actually... out of topic)
The Chemical Bond (this one, not so much about how to identify, but it gives the idea about how the electrons affect the appearance on EDM, ignore the calculation parts if Mr George doesn't emphasize)
Zis is Crap! (took me a great long time to figure out the jargon and all @#%^&*s, if you start seeing stars you'd better quit it)
Out of Topic Link :P (this one is something I found while updating this blog, it's really interesting! AMMK, go through this while you're free)
Molecule shapes and bond angles (I'm not very sure if this is going to be useful, but it's really related to what Sir George taught us)
This is how it works IN REALITY! (scary... and helpless)
Pictures (the photoes are related, not the content though)
Crystallography (simple, brief, not so deep like what we should get)
Application (application, one example)
A three-dimensional model of the myoglobin molecule obtained by x-ray analysis
http://proteincrystallography.org/
Finally something a little bit useful
Powerpoint on X Ray Crystallography
Google Book (A Level Chemistry, haven't look at it yet)
Another Google Book (didn't look at it yet, A Level Chemistry)
Google book 3

This is not the end. Not the end!!!

Spider Silk and others

2010-03-19T19:27:00.000-07:00

There there, spider silk.

Spider Silk WOW (I joke)
Spider Silk and Young's Modulus (for Physics students. But the conclusion part is short and interesting, AMMK please don't skip this...)
Spider Silk for Kids
Stronger Spider Silk with Metal
On Spiders and Silks
Appications on Spider Silk
Types of Spider Silk
Everything about Spider Silk!

Recent Science News

2010-03-15T19:38:00.000-07:00

Nanotechnology

2010-03-10T18:14:00.000-08:00

Questions on nanotech seem to appear quite frequently in the recent years. The questions that appear each time are totally unexpected. That's why I've been picking up informations about nanotech quite often.

Implications in Nanotech (from Wiki, which I can't avoid)
Products of nanotech (this one has a HUGE list of products of nanotech, you're SOOO going to scream "COOL!!")
More transparency on nanotech on food (one of the problems of nanotech)
Nanoshop (feel free to explore in this website, it really opens up your eyes! Just look at their products!!)
Top 10 Nanotech products from Forbes.com in 2004 (this website is a little bit weird, you've got to click "next" to view the next product)
Nanotech products (this one, a bit similar to the site above)
A bit of news 2010 (tip of an iceberg, but worth looking at)

That's all for today. There'll be more. Happy reading!

Complex Ions!

2010-03-08T20:24:00.000-08:00

Complex Ions is a topic which is actually not tooooo difficult. Seems that the really complex part is remembering the colors of the ions.

Simple Explanations on Complex Ions, Colors, etc.
Crap (well this is not so "within-the-syllabus", but I think you SHOULD look at it...)
Click HERE and you'll end up somewhere in Alpha Centauri (this one, YOU'D BETTER LOOK AT THIS, even though it might be a bit confusing, it MIGHT help in your P5)

Chelates (for those who have not heard of this before, CHELATES are just like complex ions with their ligands, and chelates are often used to cover a metal ion so it could be transported safely in the body, period)
The OMG Chemicals (just applications, read only, EDTA and ethylenediamine and other stuff)
Waaaah!!! (you're soooo going to love this)
LoL (the webpage looks cool though, the content, just read)
Plant Nutrition + Amino Acid Chelates (this one, connected to the link above it)
Chelate in Medicine
Chelates in other fields (don't look at the advertisements for the sake of your mental health)

Enzymes - Inhibition

2010-03-05T00:34:00.000-08:00

The title says all.

Enzyme Inhibition (this one, you get to click "forward" and stuff to play with. I'm not sure if Mr Jaya has this)
Enzyme Inhibition (I'm getting less creative at giving names for the links but it's ok. This one has heavy metal poisoning, which is what I've been looking for)
Example 1 (this is a bit complicated, not so easy to understand, if you read it, you'll get an idea about the application of it)
Example 2 (same comment as Example 1)
Example 3 (enxyme inhibition and cancer, application! :D)
This is something new to me! (just read it, but make sure you get an idea of what they're talking about, just in case it comes out in the exam)

Why do some people only need few hours of sleep

2010-03-03T18:44:00.000-08:00

Why do some people only need a few hours of sleep

About Metal Toxicity

2010-03-02T17:53:00.000-08:00

This topic is either too complicated or I'm just too confused right now, I don't know where to start.

So, kindly allow me to dump all the useful links I've found here.

Mineral Toxicity
Minerals - Functions, Toxicity and Deficiency
Elements and Autism (this one is like a study about autism and the amount of minerals present in the kids)

I'm just so confused now!!

Minerals, Co Factors, etc. (actually if you explore this website, you can find a lot of info on WATER also)
Toxic minerals (a detailed thesis after experiments with fungi) (just read the introduction if you're short of time)
Metals (this one has a bit of info on complex ions also, quite simple one, you're going to like it)
Dartmouth Toxic Metals Research Program (this is the homepage for the link above, quite useful)

Time to go, there'll be more.

Drug Delivery Technology

2010-02-21T19:13:00.000-08:00

The mission of Drug Delivery Technology is to provide new strategies for the delivery of biologically active compounds at the right dose, at the right time and at the right place. In order to achieve this, novel drug delivery systems are designed and the interactions of these delivery systems with biological systems are investigated at the (sub) cellular, tissue and organism level, both in vitro and in vivo.

The Need of Effective Drug Delivery
On Drug Delivery System
A little bit on Nasal Drug Delivery
Nasal Drug Delivery - Spray Bottles
DDT and Cancer Pain (DDT means Drug Delivery Technology, not dichlorodiphenyltrycholroethane pesticide =.=)
A Website deditated to DDT (here, it contains magazines that only talk about DDT, I learnt a whole lot of things by just looking at an illustration of it. WOW!)
3M DDS

Genzyme Pharmaceuticals (a brief intro on their products, my my, I now look like a salesman)
           LipoBridge
       LipoMask
           Cerense
           Oligonucleotide Delivery (I took the trouble to find the 4 links of the products because the links in the main page don't work)

There is more to come, I think.

Nanotechs, Brief Videos

2010-02-19T02:31:00.000-08:00

Videos are sometimes better than words. :P

About Nanotech

2010-02-19T02:06:00.000-08:00

This is what Nanotechnology and Nanoscience all about. Just an introduction.

NanoJaba's

Mass Spectrometry - Fragmentation

2010-02-16T23:21:00.000-08:00

Some of us have problems analysing which part(s) of an organic molecule will form ion(s) in a Mass Spectrometer.
Hope these links can help.

Mass Spectra - Fragmentation Patterns
Fragmentation - Powerpoint (this one is a bit deep for us, but it's a good one too)
Another PPT
Introduction to MS (a cool one, mainly about how to form an ion)
Mass Spectrometry Tutorial (looks hard but helpful, I guess)
A List of Common Fragments

Random

2010-02-13T04:59:00.000-08:00

I've been into Embryology recently. I'm still stuck at the Week 3 Development. Just still can't figure out the neural plates and the notochord thingies. Haih...

Searching for related videos on Youtube to help me understand. So far I met none. But I found this, it looks nice. Hehe.

Polychlorinated Biphenyls

2010-02-08T22:39:00.000-08:00

Organic Chemistry, polychlorinated biphenyls. Very cool name.

General Information on PCBs
Laws, Regulations, and the Non-Chemistry Info on PCBs
PCBs and Health (there'll be more links in this link itself)

Quantum Dots

2010-02-08T01:23:00.000-08:00

There'll be more on this, since I'm planning to do a bit of research on it.

Quantum Dot for Kids

Supercritical Water Oxidation

2010-02-01T18:28:00.000-08:00

Supercritical water oxidation or SCWO is a process that occurs in water at temperatures and pressures above a mixture's thermodynamic critical point.

Under these conditions water becomes a fluid with unique properties that can be used to advantage in the destruction of hazardous wastes such as PCBs.

The fluid has a density between that of water vapor and liquid at standard conditions, and exhibits high gas-like diffusion rates along with high liquid-like collision rates.

In addition, the behavior of water as a solvent is altered (in comparison to that of subcritical liquid water) - it behaves much less like a polar solvent.

As a result, the solubility behavior is "reversed" so that chlorinated hydrocarbons become soluble in the water, allowing single-phase reaction of aqueous waste with a dissolved oxidizer.

The reversed solubility also causes salts to precipitate out of solution, meaning they can be treated using conventional methods for solid-waste residuals.

Efficient oxidation reactions occur at low temperature (400-650 °C) with reduced NOx production.

SCWO can be classified as green chemistry or as a Clean Technology.

The elevated pressures and temperatures required for SCWO are routinely encountered in industrial applications such as petroleum refining and chemical synthesis.

[This introduction is quoted from Wikipedia]
Here are some links for further readings:

A simpler description of SWOT here
Over View of Supercritical Water Oxidation Technology
Wastes Treatable by the Technology
Advantages of the Transpiring-Wall SCWO Reactor & Closed-Cycle SCWO Processing System
A few disadvantages of the reactor

Nanotech and Golf Ball

2010-02-01T18:01:00.000-08:00

Do you still remember this interesting question in our May/June 2009 Chemistry Paper 4?
I thought the examiners were just joking in the question, but just now I found THIS!
http://www.azonano.com/news.asp?newsID=415
The world of nanotechnology is interesting. Indeed.

Blood Pressure Chart

2010-01-19T19:50:00.000-08:00

As usual, this piece of useful information comes from our beloved Jobo aka Maumau.

Human Blood Pressure Range Diagram

The 1st Number: Systolic pressure is the pressure generated when the heart contracts.

210 - 120 - Stage 4 High Blood Pressure
180 - 110 - Stage 3 High Blood Pressure
160 - 100 - Stage 2 High Blood Pressure
140 - 90 - Stage 1 High Blood Pressure
140 - 90 - BORDERLINE HIGH
130 - 85 - High Normal
120 - 80 - NORMAL Blood Pressure
110 - 75 - Low Normal
90 - 60 - BORDERLINE LOW
60 - 40 - TOO LOW Blood Pressure
50 - 33 - DANGER Blood Pressure
Low Blood Pressure Symptoms -Weak, Tired, Dizzy, Fainting, Coma

Suction Curettage

2009-12-25T21:26:00.000-08:00

This is the first 'interesting' term I encountered while I was reading The Developing Human. Suction curettage is a method of abortion and it is invented by the Chinese in the 1950's if I'm not mistaken.

Anyways, you can read about it in the following link. But let me warn you that it is a bit scary.

http://www.priestsforlife.org/resources/medical/suctionexplanation.htm

Enjoy. *sarcastic face*

Colorful Flames

2009-12-08T20:51:00.000-08:00

Look at this look at this!!! It's something we don't find in our syllabus!! (even if the exams are over, we should still appreciate Science)

Ammajjing!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

2009-10-18T17:57:00.000-07:00

Glucose + NaOH

2009-10-16T07:34:00.003-07:00

This is amajing!!!!!

Vanadium!!

2009-10-16T07:17:00.001-07:00

A lot of us are having problems in remembering the colors of vanadium ions... Here's a really good one, hope it helps you to remember:

More Lenz's Law!!!

2009-10-16T06:51:00.000-07:00

Lenz's Law Experiments gone INSANE!!!!

2009-10-15T17:52:00.000-07:00

http://www.ndt-ed.org/TeachingResources/NDT_Tips/LenzLaw.htm

Immobilised Enzymes

2009-10-04T05:16:00.000-07:00

This is about the immobilised enzymes (my favourite squeezy alginate beadies!!!)

http://www.mystrica.com/Experiment.aspx?pageid=39

Chemistry Applications Chapter 3

2009-10-01T19:34:00.000-07:00

This is about all the nanotubes Kevlar Buckyballs thingy:

Liposomes
http://www.answers.com/
http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/ben/cpd/

Virosomes
http://www.bernabiotech.com/rd/platforms/virosomes/

Spider silk
http://www.chm.bris.ac.uk/motm/motm.htm
http://www.xs4all.nl/~ednieuw/Spiders/Info/spindraad.

Kevlar
http://www.dupont.com/afs/
http://www.lbl.gov/MicroWorlds/Kevlar/index.html

Conducting polymers
http://nobelprize.org/chemistry/educational/poster/2000/index.html

Nanotechnology
http://www.aip.org/pt/vol-57/iss-6/p30.html
http://www.kodak.com/eknec/

Fullerenes
http://www.lbl.gov/Science-Articles/Archive/fullerenes.html
http://www.vega.org.uk/schools/download/index.php
http://www.nanotech-now.com/nanotube-buckyball-sites.htm
http://www.lps.u-sud.fr/Collectif/gr_23/themes/fullnano/en_AC60.htm

Manipulating atoms
http://www.che.utoledo.edu/nadarajah/webpages/whatsafm.html

Mining
http://www.ias.ac.in/resonance/Aug2004/Aug2004p27-34.htm

Green chemistry
http://www.uyseg.org/greener_industry/index.htm
http://www.uyseg.org/sustain-ed/index.htm
http://www.uyseg.org/sustain-ed/pages/Process/ProcessFrameset.htm

Fuel cells
http://www.utcpower.com/fs/com/bin/fs_com_Page/0,5433,03540,00.html
http://www.rsc.org/chemistryworld/Issues/2006/March/HydrogenOnBoard.asp
http://www.rsc.org/chemistryworld/Issues/2006/March/FuelCells.asp

General
http://www.rsc.org/chemistryworld/
http://www.chemsoc.org/networks/learnnet/index.htm
http://pubs.acs.org/cen/science/science.html
http://www.chemistry.org/portal/a/c/s/1/enthusiasts.html

Bio Applications chapter on crop plants!!!

2009-10-01T19:19:00.000-07:00

Thanks to Mr Jaya!!

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anemophily
http://florawww.eeb.uconn.edu/collections/pollination.html
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heterosis
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inbreeding_depression
http://www.science.siu.edu/plant-biology/PLB117/Nickrent.Lecs/Fruits.html
http://quorumsensing.ifas.ufl.edu/HCS200/Seed.html
http://www.food.rdg.ac.uk/online/fs552/Cereals.ppt
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cereal
http://www-plb.ucdavis.edu/labs/rost/Rice/Roots/rtgro.html
http://www.biologymad.com/resources/Crop%20Plants.pps
http://users.rcn.com/jkimball.ma.ultranet/BiologyPages/P/Polyploidy.html
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polyploidy
http://res2.agr.ca/CRECO/zea/zea01_e.htm
http://www2.mpiz-koeln.mpg.de/pr/garten/schau/ZeamaysL./Maize.html
http://www.genetics.org/cgi/content/full/148/3/923
http://maizeandgenetics.tamu.edu/hybridvigor.htm
http://www.pioneer.com/usa/research/pipeline/articles/improving_products.htm
http://www.foe.org/safefood/rice.html
http://www.eufic.org/gb/food/pag/food17/food174.htm
http://www.agbioworld.org/biotech-info/topics/goldenrice/gmgolden.html

Bio Applikaysyuns the 5th Chapter

2009-09-23T21:30:00.000-07:00

I don't like this chapter because it's so confusing... But I like this chapter because there are fewer links compared to that Crop Plant thingy. :P

The Crop Plant I'll put up later... (Guys none of you want to help me is it... *sob sob sob*)

http://science.tjc.edu/images/reproduction/Index.htm
http://www.columbia.edu/cu/biology/courses/w2501/histology/html
http://www.visualsunlimited.com
http://users.rcn.com/jkimball.ma.ultranet/BiologyPages/
http://www.umanitoba.ca/Biology/lab14
http://ivillage.co.uk/health/whealth/birthcontrol/articles/o,,549123_599845-2,00.html
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Contraceptive_pill
http://www.biologymad.com (after typing all the links now I know why it is called "Biology MAD" :P)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/In_vitro_fertilization
http://en.wikipedia/org/wiki/Sexual_reproduction#Reproduction_in_mammals

Bio Applikaysyuns Chapter Tiga

2009-09-23T21:06:00.000-07:00

Right... Seems that I'm just entertaining myself by typing out all the links... OK... I suppose this is the most boring form of entertainment... So I leave my fb on... (Aaaa Mr Jaya don't scold me...)

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bioleaching
http://www.spaceship-earth.org/REM/BRIERLEY.htm
http://textbookofbacteriology.net/growth.html
http://www.biologymad.com/master.html?http://www.biologymad.com/Biotechnology/Biotechnology.htm
http://elmhurst.edu/ (oh gosh I don't have that wavy symbol on my keyboard...)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beta-lactam_antibiotic
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antibiotic_resistance
http://www.biologymad.com/master.html?http://www.biologymad.com/Evolution/Evolution.com
http://www.biologymad.com/master.html?http://www.biologymad.com/Biotechnology/Biotechnology.htm
http://www.rohmhaas.com/ionexchange/Pharmaceuticals/enzymes.htm
http://www.lsbu.ac.uk/biology/enztech/imeconom.html
http://www.irvingcrowley.com/cls/urin.htm
http://www.ul.ie/elements/Issue6/Biosensors-%20Elements.htm
http://www.chemsoc.org/chembytes/ezine/1998/palmer.htm
http://www.lsbu.ac.uk/biology/enzyme/practical5.html
http://www.accessexcellence.org/RC/AB/IE/Monoclonal_Antibody.html
http://vetmed.ucdavis.edu/Animal_Alternatives/mabs.htm
http://www.hhmi.org/biointeractive/immunology/vlab.com
http://www.antibodyresource.com/findantibody.html
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monoclonal_antibodies
http://www.madehow.com/Volume-4/Home-Pregnancy-Test.html
http://www.xpressdrugtest.com/preg.html

Bio Applikayshyuns Chapta 2

2009-09-23T01:06:00.000-07:00

Here are the links. Hey no one uses them, I noticed. Lazy people. :(

http://users.rcn.com/jkimball.ma.ultranet/BiologyPages/C/Codons.html
http://www.littletree.com.au/dna.htm
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Promoter
http://138.23.152.128/transformation.html
http://ifgene.org/beginner.htm
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genetic_engineering
http://www.biotechnology.gov.au/index.cfm?event=object.showSitemap
http://www.bbc.co.uk/religion/ethics/issues/genetic_engineering/index.shtml
http://soc.enotes.com/ethics-genetic-article
http://www.i-sis.org.uk/GE-ethics.php
http://ornl.gov.sci.techresources/Human_Genome/fag/segfacts.shtml#how
http://ipn.uni-kiel.de/eibe/UNIT14EN.PDF
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/00017.htm
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cystic_fibrosis
http://www.cff.org/about_cf/gene_therapy_and_cf/
http://www.cfgenetherapy.org.uk/genetherapy.htm
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genetic_testing
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genetic_counseling
http://www.jmu/vmic/McKown_pharm_article.pdf
http://ncbe.reading.ac.uk/NCBE/MATERIALS/menu.html

Evilotion of Niurones

2009-08-08T21:32:00.001-07:00

ZZZzzzzzZZZZZzzzzZZZZZzzzzzZZZZZZzzzZZz.....

http://stevenmichaelharris.com/theory/085.html

Evilotion of Niurones.

2009-08-08T21:10:00.000-07:00

I don't know what is this but it looks colorful so I posted it...

http://trc.ucdavis.edu/biosci10v/bis10v/media/ch25/nervous_divisions.html

Links on Evolution

2009-08-06T22:01:00.000-07:00

Since some of us don't use facebook to discuss about Evolution, I might as well post the links here:

http://uk.answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20090701233226AArJe71
http://www.physicsforums.com/archive/index.php/t-13149.html
http://www.ridgecrest.ca.us/~do_while/sage/v12i6f.htm
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Cj3PWUF7zAw&NR=1
http://www.abovetopsecret.com/forum/thread292780/pg1
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12058375
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12058375
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rtmbcfb_rdc&NR=1
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=U6QYDdgP9eg&feature=related
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1w0FiwfyUMM

And this is the one Jo Sze has watched. Quite nice. But it's all about Abiogenesis.

More links are coming up, hopefully. Hope grandpa Amin does his work.

MRI - Maliya is Recently Insane!!!!!!!

2009-08-03T18:50:00.000-07:00

Hahaha... True true. I'm having a big problem with chemistry right now, it's about NMR (Nuclear Magnetic Resonance) aka MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging). I've got this very colorful website to help in understanding this lovely confusing topic, but I haven't read it yet because it's 8 minutes to Mr George's class!!!!!!

http://www.cem.msu.edu/~reusch/VirtualText/Spectrpy/nmr/nmr1.htm

By the way, for the 2 year students, please get a NEW copy of Data Booklet for Chemistry (year 2009), it's available in the 2009 syllabus.

Byeo Applikayshuns!!!!!

2009-07-17T20:37:00.000-07:00

Hey guys here’s the links for Bio application Chapter One.

The Five Kingdom Classification
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Three-domain_system
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Five-Kingdom_system

Reasons why species have become endangered
http://www.panda.org/news_facts/education/high_school/species/herbivores/african_elephant/index.cfm
http://www.awf.org/wildlives/elephant.php
http://www.save-the-elephants.org
http://www.un.org/works/environment/animalplanet/orangatang.html
http://www.panda.org/about_wwf/what_we_do/species/our_solutions/endangered_species/great_apes/orangutans/index.cfm
http://www.orangutan.org/facts/orangutanfacts.php
http://www.bushmeat.org/IMAP/species/L_africana.htm

Methods of protecting endangered species
http://www.hrw.com/science/si-science/biology/animals/glt/index.com
http://nationazoo.si.edu/ConservationAndScience/EndangeredSpecies/GLTProgram/
http://www.arabian-oryx.com
http://nationalzoo.si.edu/ConservationAndScience/EndangeredSpecies/Cheetah/
http://bna.birds.cornell.edu/BNA/account/California_Condous/CONSERVATION_AND_MANAGEMENT.html
http://darwin.bio.uci.edu/ (I don't have the button for this link.....)
http://www.bgci.org.uk/
http://nature.ac.uk/browse/580.73.html
http://www.rbgkew.org.uk/conservation/index.html
http://www-saps.plantsci.cam.ac.uk/osmos/os24.htm
http://rbgkew.org.uk/msbp/
http://www.wcmc.org.uk/protected_areas/data/sample/iucn_cat.htm
http://www.unep-wcmc.org/protected_areas/index.html

Piezocryst!!!!!!!!!

2009-07-09T00:50:00.000-07:00

All about piezocryst, a fantastic magical thingy that is used to make sensors.

http://www.piezocryst.com/piezoelectric_sensors.php#quartz

Yaay!!!

Beta Pleated Sheet

2009-07-06T00:06:00.000-07:00

The Beta-Pleated sheet Mr George sketched last time was not so clear, so here are 2 better pictures I got from Wiki. If you guys have better ones please send them to me.

Carbon Dating

2009-07-05T23:32:00.000-07:00

Our dear Mr George has taught us about Carbon Dating (yay). So I've found a few links that might be helpful. Here they are:

http://science.howstuffworks.com/carbon-14.htm

http://www.c14dating.com/

Enjoy~~

Froggies!!!!

2009-06-18T18:05:00.000-07:00

I hope we can get this kind of frogs in our lab so that we don't have to kill them the way we killed the poor rats...

http://www.cosmosmagazine.com/news/1611/no-need-dissection-with-transparent-frogs

http://macrocosm-magbook.blogspot.com/2007/10/translucent-frog-developed-for-no.html

High Heels

2009-04-30T00:17:00.000-07:00

Stategies for success

2009-04-19T18:51:00.000-07:00

Check out this website:
http://www.accd.edu/sac/history/keller/ACCDitg/SSindex.htm
Hope it helps in making us better students.

Earth Hour

2009-03-28T05:54:00.000-07:00

This is interesting

2009-03-22T03:06:00.000-07:00

Haha, I just forgot to type one alphabet and here's what I got:
http://mynaturalscience.blogspot.com/
Cool blog, check it out!

By the way, guys, please tell me your name when you leave a comment.

This might help

2009-03-17T21:26:00.000-07:00

http://www.how-to-study.com/study-tips-aug-2007.htm

This might help us to boost our motivation. Urgh, I'm sooo lazy now..

Testing the age of your brain.

2009-02-27T15:49:00.000-08:00

Here is a small game to test how old your brain is. Firstly click "start", after the countdown there will be a few numbers given, and you will have to remember them. The numbers will be replaced by circles, and you will have to click on the circle, starting from the one with the smallest number.

http://flashfabrica.com/f_learning/brain/brain.html

Enjoy.

Past Year Papers

2009-02-19T21:49:00.000-08:00

Our dear old friend Fareen has given me another two websites for past year questions. Check them out:

http://www.thepaperbank.co.uk/

www.ocr.org.uk/

Elementary Particles!!

2009-02-18T23:21:00.001-08:00

Understand quarks, boson, and fermions better through this nice diagram. I find it very simple. I mean the diagram.

(note: if you can't see the diagram clearly from this page, you can always ask it from me)

Fountain of dust

2009-02-12T22:04:00.000-08:00

http://tech.sina.com.cn/d/2009-02-13/07282819767.shtml

American astronomers discovered a dust fountain somewhere in the universe recently, and it seems that this is one of the reasons why there is a lot of dust in the universe.

(Gees, I have no idea how to translate this passage, it's filled with jargon!)

Anyways, it says something like: Our Sun's magnetic field is getting weak because the strength of the field goes in a cycle and now it's time to become weak, so our Earth is receiving hell lot of dust from the universe because the Sun is weak and it cannot protect the Earth (common sense).
And after 10 thousand years our Solar System will pass through an area that is accumulated with nothing but cosmic dust, so the scientists are wondering where does the dust come from. The scientists don't know what is the dust made of and where it comes from.

So they discovered this fountain that vomits out dust. This fountain is known as HD 44179, which is a double stellar system, and it is situated between a reddish rectangular nebula. This place is 2300 light years away from us. This stellar system is burning hydrogen and the hydrogen is going to finish soon, so it can't provide energy for other stars to undergo some nuclear fusion processes.

So this thing finally has evolved and it burns helium now. After a few thousand years it'll lose it's own atmosphere. So the dust comes from this atmosphere.

In a double stellar system, the two stars share matters. So somehow they can evolve and a structure that looks like a round plate will from around them, and the stars will start spraying things out into the universe. So this reddish cloud is the things that has been sprayed by the stars.

Rainbow

2009-02-12T21:55:00.000-08:00

All of us have seen a rainbow before, but have you ever seen the end of the rainbow?

On 7th February, an American photographer, Jason Erdkamp, managed to take the pictures of the end of a rainbow in California, US. It was raining on the day. He said that the rainbow was actually moving with the storm, and the speed of the rainbow was about 20 to 30 miles per hour. He didn't find buckets of gold, but he did win $25. Here's the link, but the news in in Chinese, hope you don't mind:

http://tech.sina.com.cn/d/2009-02-13/09032820303.shtml

This is interesting!!!

2009-02-01T23:39:00.001-08:00

Like I said, this is interesting:

http://www.chm.bris.ac.uk/motm/motm.htm

Who says I can't survive Chemistry without Mr Jorj? :P

Here's what we've found

2009-01-22T22:27:00.000-08:00

Jo Sze and I were working so hard in the computer lab , trying to find out things which we all are looking for, i.e. THE PAST YEAR PAPERS!!!!! (and marking schemes)

Here they are:

http://www.paked.net/GCE_A_level/gce_a_level.htm

http://www.brain.net.pk/~hivicky/cie/a-level/

http://www.cambridgestudents.org.uk/subjectpages

http://rapidshare.com/users/G2T33Q

http://www.humyo.com/24813613

If you guys have found out better websites, just send the link via e-mail and I'll post them up. But please don't be like somebody in our class, who always says things like "I got this information from God, I ain't gonna tell you where I got this paper from..."

Coffee makes me talk Kreb. I feel like biting this girl who is sitting next to me now.

Happy holidays~

From: Maliya

NEVER KNEW YOUR MOBILE PHONE COULD DO THESE?

2009-01-08T21:48:00.000-08:00

NEVER KNEW YOUR MOBILE PHONE COULD DO THESE?

Here are a few things that can be done in times of grave emergencies.

Your mobile phone can actually be a life saver or an emergency tool for survival. Check out the things that you can do with it:

FIRST - Emergency

The Emergency Number worldwide for Mobile is 112. If you find yourself out of the coverage area of your mobile; network and there is an emergency, dial 112 and the mobile will search any existing network to establish the emergency number for you, and interestingly this number 112 can be dialed even if the keypad is locked. Try it out.

SECOND

Have you locked your keys in the car?Does your car have remote keyless entry? This may come in handy someday. Good reason to own a cell phone: If you lock your keys in the car and the spare keys are at home, call someone at home on their mobile phone from your cell phone.
Hold your cell phone about a foot from your car door and have the person at your home press the unlock button, holding it near the mobile phone on their end. Your car will unlock. Saves someone from having to drive your keys to you. Distance is no object. You could be hundreds of miles away, and if you can reach someone who has the other 'remote' for your car, you can unlock the doors (or the trunk).

(It works fine! Somebody tried it out and it unlocked his car over a mobile phone!)

THIRD - Hidden Battery Power

Imagine your mobile battery is very low. To activate, press the keys *3370# Your mobile will restart with this reserve and the instrument will show a 50% increase in battery. This reserve will get charged when you charge your mobile next time.

FOURTH

How to disable a STOLEN mobile phone?To check your Mobile phone's serial number, key in the following digits on your phone:
* # 0 6 #
A 15 digit code will appear on the screen. This number is unique to your handset. Write it down and keep it somewhere safe. When your phone get stolen, you can phone your service provider and give them this code. They will then be able to block your handset so even if the thief changes the SIM card, your phone will be totally useless.. You probably won't get your phone back, but at least you know that whoever stole it can't use/sell it either. If everybody does this, there would be no point in people stealing mobile phones.

Something nice to share

2009-01-08T00:48:00.001-08:00

I think this Periodic Table is just PERFECT for us!!! I love it!!! Hope it can help all of us to pass our Chemistry.

Err... It's kind of... BIG. But never mind.

The Talk

2008-12-03T17:07:00.000-08:00

Assalamualaikum, everyone. Yes, we all are very excited about Sheikh Yusuf Estes' talk, so I've found the link that connects to his 2008 Malaysia Tour from Youtube.

By the way, if you have any questions about Islam, you can ask him through e-mail, here is his address: askislam@aol.com But you've got to be patient because he's quite busy too.

Anyways, hers is the link:

http://www.youtube.com/profile?user=paradisewoodESTES&view=videos

Enjoy~

Glutathione

2008-11-27T22:58:00.000-08:00

Can anybody tell me what are these?

Glutathione

Thalidomide

Sideronatrite

2008-11-27T22:47:00.000-08:00

I will call this my favourite mineral:

http://webmineral.com/data/Sideronatrite.shtml

You guys must check out its molecular shape, it's amazing!

Nothing is more fun than Chemistry in my life~ (umm, except for Bio...)

sal sedativum Hombergi

2008-11-25T04:00:00.000-08:00

I found this in Richie's eye moisturizer, very interesting, especially the unit cells.

Boric acid

Physics Notes

2008-11-24T19:32:00.000-08:00

Drift Velocity

Mr Tan is GREAT!

Funny Piggy Theory

2008-11-19T20:38:00.000-08:00

Funny Piggy Teory

Human = eat + sleep + work + enjoy
Pigs = eat + sleep

Hence, Human = Pigs + work + enjoy

if, Human - enjoy = Pigs + work

in other words,

Human that don't know how to enjoy = pigs that work

Men = eat + sleep + earn money

Pigs = eat + sleep

Hence, Men = Pigs + earn money

therefore, Men - earn money = Pigs

in other words,

Men that don't earn money = Pigs

Women = eat + sleep + spend

Pigs = eat + sleep

Hence, Women = Pigs + spend

therefore, Women - spend = Pigs

In other words, Women that don't spend = Pigs

Summary: Men earn money not to let women become pigs! Women spend not to let men become pigs! Men + Women = 2 Pigs

Wish all the pigs happy forever.

Whoa!!!!! This is FUN!!!!!!!!!!!!!

2008-11-09T03:45:00.000-08:00

Hey hey look at this! (I always wonder why some people just don't like to visit our blog.)

http://www.rdpe.com/ex/hiw-sglc.htm

Hey look at this!

2008-11-06T00:18:00.000-08:00

Dear friends, this will be truly interesting if you can understand what's going on!

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schrodinger%27s_cat_paradox

I'm sure you'll love it!

Top 10 Amazing Chemical Reactions

2008-11-03T20:13:00.000-08:00

Mr Jorj will neva eva do tis!

10.Sodium and water in chlorine gas

Sodium is a highly combustible element and the addition of water can make it explode. In this video we see a drop of water added to a small piece of sodium in a flask filled with chlorine gas. The distinctive yellow color of the light emitted is due to sodium’s ‘D lines’ - this is often used in street lighting. This experiment produces a great deal of heat. When you combine sodium and chlorine, you get sodium chloride - common salt.

9.Magnesium and Dry Ice Reaction

Magnesium ignites easily and burns very brightly. In this experiment, you see magnesium ignited in a shell of dry ice - frozen carbon dioxide. Magnesium is able to burn in carbon dioxide and nitrogen. Because of its brilliant light, it was used in early photographic flashes, and it is still used in marine flares and fireworks.

8.Potassium Chlorate and Candy Reaction

Potassium Chlorate is a compound containing potassium, chlorine and oxygen. It is often used as a disinfectant and in fireworks and explosives. When potassium chlorate is heated to melting point, any item added to it will cause a rapid disintegration in the form of an explosion (as we see in the video above). The gas coming off the potassium chlorate is oxygen. Because of this, it is often used in airplanes, space stations, and submarines as a source for oxygen. A fire on the space station Mir was attributed to this substance.

7.Meissner Effect

When a superconductor is cooled to below its transitional temperature, it becomes diamagnetic: this is when something is repulsed from a magnetic field rather than drawn in to it. This discovery by Meissner has lead to the concept of frictionless transportation, as an object could be “floated” along a track rather than “attached” to it by wheels.

6.Sodium Acetate Super Saturation

Sodium acetate, when heated and cooled, becomes supersaturated in water. When it comes in contact with another object it re-crystalizes. This reaction also causes heat, and so this has a practical use in heat pads. Sodium acetate is also used as a preservative, and also gives salt and vinegar chips their distinctive taste. It is referred to in foods as E262 or sodium diacetate.

5.Superabsorbent Polymer
Sorry, have to go here:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ksjUW7jWJk0

Superabsorbent polymers (also known as hydrogels) are able to absorb extremely large amounts of liquid relative to its own mass. For this reason, they are used in the commercial production of diapers, and incontinence garments, and other fields requiring protection from water or liquids such as underground cabling.

4.Floating on Sulphur Hexafloride

Sulfur Hexafluoride is a colorless, odorless, non-toxic and non-flammable gas. Because it is over 5 times denser than air, it is able to be poured in to open containers and light weight objects can float on it as if it were water. Another fun use for this harmless gas is through inhalation; when inhaled, it lowers the voice drastically - the exact opposite of helium. You can see that effect here:

The reason that your voice is lowered when you inhale sulfur hexafluoride is that the weight of the gas slows the sound waves produced in your vocal tract to just under half the speed of the sound. Helium works in the opposite way.

3.Superfluid Helium

When helium is cooled cooled to -271c, it reaches the lambda point. At this stage (as a liquid) it is known as Helium II. Hellium II is a superfluid. When it flows through even capillaries of 10−7 to 10−8-m widths it has no measurable viscosity. In addition, it will creep up a container (as it seeks out a warmer area) seemingly against the effects of gravity. Just watch the clip above and be amazed!

2.Thermite and Liquid Nitrogen

Thermite is aluminum powder and a metal oxide which produces an aluminothermic reaction known as a thermite reaction. It is not explosive, but it can create short bursts of extremely high temperature. A thermite reaction is initiated with some type of detonator and it can burn at temperatures of thousands of degrees. In the clip above we see an attempt to “cool” the thermite reaction by dumping it in a vat of liquid nitrogen.

1.Briggs-Rauscher Reaction

The Briggs-Rauscher reaction is known as an oscillating chemical reaction. According to Wikipedia: “the freshly prepared colorless solution slowly turns an amber color, suddenly changing to a very dark blue. This slowly fades to colorless and the process repeats, about ten times in the most popular formulation, before ending as a dark blue liquid smelling strongly of iodine.” The reason this occurs is that the first reaction causes certain chemicals to be released in to the liquid, which then, in turn, spark a second reaction, and the process repeats itself until exhausted.

Enjoy!

Golden-needle-mushroom

2008-11-03T19:58:00.000-08:00

Golden-needle-mushroom (Jin-Gen-Gu 金根菇)

Golden-needle-mushroom (Jin-Gen-Gu) successfully kills 95% of cancer cells( Taiwan Report)Research done by Singapore U shows that eating this mushroom can destroy 95% of cancer cells in our body by boosting our immune system. Professor Phan Hwai Chong of Yang Ming Research Centre in Taiwan told Reporter that consuming this kind of mushroom, one of the ingredients in the mushroom can trigger the multiplication of our healthy 'defensive' cells. By out-numbering the cancer cells, healthy cells help eradicate cancer cells. American scientists have since run tests on this particular type of mushroom extract with blood, done outside human body. Results show that mushroom extract is able to destroy cancer cells. According to Taiwan professor, since healthy 'fighting' cells can be multiplied to tens & thousands of times, it can either be used as drip or just by eating mushroom.The mushroom is most frequently taken with steam boat. Cooking time should be less than 3 minutes, or the healing property would greatly diminish.

I love this doctor...

2008-11-03T19:45:00.000-08:00

HEALTH :QUESTION & ANSWER SESSION

Q: I've heard that cardiovascular exercise can prolong life; is this true?
A: Your heart is only good for so many beats, and that's it... don't waste them on exercise. Everything wears out eventually. Speeding up your heart will not make you live longer; that's like saying you can extend the life of your car by driving it faster. Want to live longer? Take a nap.

Q: Should I cut down on meat and eat more fruits and vegetables?
A: You must grasp logistical efficiencies. What does a cow eat? Hay and corn. And what are these? Vegetables. So a steak is nothing more than an efficient mechanism of delivering vegetables to your system. Need grain? Eat chicken. Beef is also a good source of field grass (green leafy vegetable). And a MIXED GRILL can give you 100% of your recommended daily allowance of vegetable products.

Q: Should I reduce my alcohol intake?
A: No, not at all. Wine is made from fruit. Brandy is distilled wine, that means they take the water out of the fruity bit so you get even more of the goodness that way. Beer is also made out of grain. Bottoms up!

Q: How can I calculate my body/fat ratio?
A: Well, if you have a body and you have fat, your ratio is one to one. If you have two bodies, your ratio is two to one, etc.

Q: What are some of the advantages of participating in a regular exercise program?
A: Can't think of a single one, sorry. My philosophy is: No Pain...Good!

Q: Aren't fried foods bad for you?
A: YOU'RE NOT LISTENING!!! ... Foods are fried these days in vegetable oil. In fact, they're permeated in it. How could getting more vegetables be bad for you?

Q: Will sit-ups help prevent me from getting a little soft around the middle?
A : Definitely not! When you exercise a muscle, it gets bigger. You should only be doing sit-ups if you want a bigger stomach.

Q: Is chocolate bad for me?
A: Are you crazy? HELLO. Cocoa beans! Another vegetable!!! It's the best feel-good food around!

Q: Is swimming good for your figure?
A: If swimming is good for your figure, explain whales to me.

Q: Is getting in-shape important for my lifestyle?
A: Hey! 'Round' is a shape!

Well, I hope this has cleared up any misconceptions you may have had about food and diets.. And remember:'Life should NOT be a journey to the grave with the intention of arriving safely in an attractive and well preserved body, but rather to skid in sideways - Chardonnay in one hand - chocolate in the other - body thoroughly used up, totally worn out and screaming 'WOO HOO, What a Ride'

Graphite!!

2008-11-01T20:23:00.000-07:00

I found this too!!! What a wonderful day today is!! A day without the torture of Mr G***** but filled with wandafulle Chemistry...

http://www.edinformatics.com/interactive_molecules/graphite.htm

Salt

2008-11-01T20:14:00.000-07:00

I also found THIS!!! It's SOOOOO cute!!!! (Jumi jumi jumi...)

http://www.edinformatics.com/interactive_molecules/salt.htm

Right click on the picture to change the appearance of the salt. It makes the '8 corner and 6 face' saying easier to understand.

Water molecules

2008-11-01T20:10:00.000-07:00

Hey guys! I found this cool thingy while I was doing my Physics homework. It's AWESOME!!!

But make sure you have Java to play it.

http://www.edinformatics.com/interactive_molecules/ice.htm

This is AWESOME!!!

2008-10-25T18:28:00.000-07:00

Mr George will NEVER do this:

Nice Animations

2008-10-25T18:04:00.000-07:00

I love Physics.

http://www.upscale.utoronto.ca/GeneralInterest/Harrison/Flash/#qm

Middle Road

2008-10-14T02:52:00.000-07:00

This happened just across from Petronas near KDU. What was the driver thinking?

Cinderella

2008-09-25T21:47:00.000-07:00

I guess you think you know this story.
You don't. The real one's much more gory.
The phoney one, the one you know,
Was cooked up years and years ago,
And made to sound all soft and sappy
just to keep the children happy.
Mind you, they got the first bit right,
The bit where, in the dead of night,
The Ugly Sisters, jewels and all,
Departed for the Palace Ball,
While darling little Cinderella
Was locked up in a slimy cellar,
Where rats who wanted things to eat,
Began to nibble at her feet.
She bellowed 'Help!' and 'Let me out!
The Magic Fairy heard her shout.
Appearing in a blaze of light,
She said: 'My dear, are you all right?'
'All right?' cried Cindy .'Can't you see
'I feel as rotten as can be!'
She beat her fist against the wall,
And shouted, 'Get me to the Ball!
'There is a Disco at the Palace!
'The rest have gone and 1 am jalous!
'I want a dress! I want a coach!
'And earrings and a diamond brooch!
'And silver slippers, two of those!
'And lovely nylon panty hose!
'Done up like that I'll guarantee
'The handsome Prince will fall for me!'
The Fairy said, 'Hang on a tick.'
She gave her wand a mighty flick
And quickly, in no time at all,
Cindy was at the Palace Ball!
It made the Ugly Sisters wince
To see her dancing with the Prince.
She held him very tight and pressed
herself against his manly chest.
The Prince himself was turned to pulp,
All he could do was gasp and gulp.
Then midnight struck. She shouted,'Heck!
Ive got to run to save my neck!'
The Prince cried, 'No! Alas! Alack!'
He grabbed her dress to hold her back.
As Cindy shouted, 'Let me go!'
The dress was ripped from head to toe.
She ran out in her underwear,
And lost one slipper on the stair.
The Prince was on it like a dart,
He pressed it to his pounding heart,
'The girl this slipper fits,' he cried,
'Tomorrow morn shall be my bride!
I'll visit every house in town
'Until I've tracked the maiden down!'
Then rather carelessly, I fear,
He placed it on a crate of beer.
At once, one of the Ugly Sisters,
(The one whose face was blotched with blisters)
Sneaked up and grabbed the dainty shoe,
And quickly flushed it down the loo.
Then in its place she calmly put
The slipper from her own left foot.
Ah ha, you see, the plot grows thicker,
And Cindy's luck starts looking sicker.
Next day, the Prince went charging down
To knock on all the doors in town.
In every house, the tension grew.
Who was the owner of the shoe?
The shoe was long and very wide.
(A normal foot got lost inside.)
Also it smelled a wee bit icky.
(The owner's feet were hot and sticky.)
Thousands of eager people came
To try it on, but all in vain.
Now came the Ugly Sisters' go.
One tried it on. The Prince screamed, 'No!'
But she screamed, 'Yes! It fits! Whoopee!
'So now you've got to marry me!'
The Prince went white from ear to ear.
He muttered, 'Let me out of here.'
'Oh no you don't! You made a vow!
'There's no way you can back out now!'
'Off with her head!'The Prince roared back.
They chopped it off with one big whack.
This pleased the Prince. He smiled and said,
'She's prettier without her head.'
Then up came Sister Number Two,
Who yelled, 'Now I will try the shoe!'
'Try this instead!' the Prince yelled back.
He swung his trusty sword and smack
Her head went crashing to the ground.
It bounced a bit and rolled around.
In the kitchen, peeling spuds,
Cinderella heard the thuds
Of bouncing heads upon the floor,
And poked her own head round the door.
'What's all the racket? 'Cindy cried.
'Mind your own bizz,' the Prince replied.
Poor Cindy's heart was torn to shreds.
My Prince! she thought. He chops off heads!
How could I marry anyone
Who does that sort of thing for fun?
The Prince cried, 'Who's this dirty slut?
'Off with her nut! Off with her nut!'
Just then, all in a blaze of light,
The Magic Fairy hove in sight,
Her Magic Wand went swoosh and swish!
'Cindy! 'she cried, 'come make a wish!
'Wish anything and have no doubt
'That I will make it come about!'
Cindy answered, 'Oh kind Fairy,
'This time I shall be more wary.
'No more Princes, no more money.
'I have had my taste of honey.
I'm wishing for a decent man.
'They're hard to find. D'you think you can?'
Within a minute, Cinderella
Was married to a lovely feller,
A simple jam maker by trade,
Who sold good home-made marmalade.
Their house was filled with smiles and laughter
And they were happy ever after.
-- Roald Dahl

Check what your birthday is all about!

2008-09-25T21:36:00.000-07:00

It's amazing and fun, but don't believe in it if you are religious.

Birthday Calendar

Cute advice

2008-09-23T01:23:00.000-07:00

Sometimes in life, you find a special friend;

Someone who changes your life just by being part of it.

Someone who makes you laugh until you can't stop;

Someone who makes you believe that there really is good in the world.

Someone who convinces you that there really is an unlocked door

just waiting for you to open it.

Always try to help a friend in need

Believe in yourself

Be brave...but it's ok to be afraid sometimes

Study hard

Give lots of kisses

Laugh often

Don't be overly concerned with your weight, it's just a number

Always try to see the glass half full

Meet new people, even if they look different to you

Remain calm, even when it seems hopeless

Take lots of naps..

Be weird whenever you have the chance

Love your friends, no matter who they are

Don't waste food

RELAX

Take an occasional risk

Try to have a little fun each day....it's important

Work together as a team

Share a joke with friends

Fall in love with someone..

...and say 'I love you' often

Express yourself creatively

Be conscious of your appearance

Always be up for surprises

Love someone with all of your heart

Share with friends

Watch your step

It will get better

There is always someone who loves you more than you know

Exercise to keep fit

Live up to your name

Seize the Moment

Hold on to good friends; they are few and far between

Indulge in the things you truly love

Cherish every Sunday

At the end of the day... PRAY

....... and close your eyes

And smile at least once a day!

Leaders with their point of view "why did the chicken cross the road"

2008-09-22T00:43:00.000-07:00

Q: Why did the chicken cross the road?

Answers:Kindergarten teacher: Because it wanted to get to the other side.
Malaysian driver: To see the accident on the other side lorh!
Donald Reagan : I forget.
Richard Nixon : The chicken did not cross the road. I repeat, did NOT cross the road.
Jerry Seinfeld: Why does anyone cross aroad? I mean, why doesn't anyone ever think to ask 'What the heck was this chicken doing walking around all over the place anyway?'
Bill Gates: I have just released the new Chicken Office 2000, which will not only cross roads, but will lay eggs, file your important documents, and balance your checkbook.
Colonel Sanders (KFC) : I missed one?
Bill Clinton: I've had so many chicks, I can't remember...
Pak Lah: Ini semua adalah khabar angin sahaja...jangan percaya khabar - khabar angin ini semua... biasalah ini adalah taktik pembangkang untuk memecah belahkan perpaduan ayam-ayam semua... jangan percaya... jangan percaya...
Sammy Vellu: Ayyooyoo... belakang cerita lain kali, kita sude bikin banyak jembatan, itu ayam musti guna jembatan untuk lintas itu jalan lagi pun kalu itu ayam mau pigi jalan-jalan, beritau sama saya juga,saya bolley buat lebbey banyak toll........
Karam Singh Walia (TV3): Seperti yang saudara dapat lihat, kelihatan ayam-ayam itu sedang melintas jalan. Mereka bukan sahaja melintas jalan, malah membuang najis di atas jalan dan ini adalah pencemaran yang paling hebat di maya ini. Bapa-bapa dan ibu-ibu ayam haruslah mengambil inisiatif untuk melatih ayam-ayam agar menahan najis sewaktu melintas jalan, sekian saya sudahi dengan.....Ayam di jalan dilintaskan; Ayam di reban mati tak makan.
Zainal Ariffin Ismail (Misteri Nusantara TV3): Ada saksi menyatakan yang mereka dapat melihat ayam-ayam ini melintasi jalan-jalan di kampung ini pada waktu malam. Ada yang menyatakan ayam-ayam ini merupakan penyamaran jin. Dan ada juga mengaitkan ia berkaitan dengan peristiwa silam di kampung ini. Apakah sebenarnya maksud tersirat ayam-ayam ini melintas jalan? Oleh itu saya akhiri, 'Jangan biarkan hidup anda diselubungi misteri......'
Ministers in the cabinet : We will set up a panel to investigate if this video footage of chicken crossing the road is authentic.
Lingam : It looks like a chicken, it sounds like a chicken but its not a chicken.

What your faeces is all about

2008-09-22T00:38:00.001-07:00

Are you healthy enough? Ask your shit!

Click on the picture if you can't see it.

Moles.... what they say about you

2008-09-21T23:33:00.000-07:00

Moles and what they say about you. The Chinese Almanac, also known as the Tung Shu, is commonly known as a book of auspicious and inauspicious dates, but there is so much more to the Tung Shu than that. It is a vast mine of information relating to astrology, codes and symbols, derived by the wise sages and philosophers of ancient China. In this issue, we bring to you the secrets from the almanac regarding moles on your face and what they mean depending on which part of your face they appear.

First, check your face for any moles, and then look at the diagram above to identify the number(s) that are a closest match to the moles on your face. Usually, the moles only hold meaning for you if they are prominent and they are the only one. If your face if full of spots, acne or 'little' moles, they do not count. When you've ascertained which position corresponds to the mole on your face, look up the meanings listed by numbers below.

Position 1 to 3

As a child, you are somewhat rebellious and a free spirit. You have an innate creativity and work best when you are given a free hand. Generally, your superiors like your avante garde approach to life. If you have a mole here, you are far better off in business and being your own boss rather than working for somebody. What is promising is that you have the luck to be your own boss.

Position 4

You are an impulsive person, often acting with a flamboyance that gives you charisma and a sparkling personality, but you can be difficult when there are too many opinions. You tend to be rather argumentative, but never to the point of holding grudges. This mole tends to give you an explosive temper and should you decide to remove it, you will find yourself becoming calmer and more at peace with the world.

Position 5

A mole above the eyebrow indicates that there is wealth luck in your life, but you will need to earn it and work harder than most people. All the income you make must be carefully kept as there are people who are jealous of you who might attempt to sweet talk you into parting with your wealth. Be wary of those who try to interest you in get-rich-quick schemes. If you have a mole here, it is advisable not to be too trusting of others. Follow your instincts and be caut ious. And never allow other people to control your finances.

Position 6

A mole here indicates intelligence, creativity and skill as an artist. Your artistic talent can bring you wealth, fame and success. It also indicates wealth luck, but this can only be fully realized if you follow your heart rather than stick to conventional means of making a living. Success will come if you are brave.

Position 7

Moles under the eyebrows indicate arguments within the extended family that cause you grief and unhappiness. This will affect your work and livelihood. It is advisable to settle any differences you have with your relatives if you want peace of mind to move ahead.

Position 8

This is not a very good position for a mole. Your financial position will constantly be under strain because of a tendency to overspend. You also have a penchant for gambling. The only thing is you must know when to stop. Meanwhile, someone with a mole here has a tendency to flirt with members of the opposite sex as well as with the same sex. Better be a little discerning where you exert your charms, or you might get into trouble.

Position 9

This mole position suggests sexual and other problems. It is an unfortunate mole and you are well advised to get rid of it. It brings a litany of woes and a parade of problems.

Position 10

A mole here just under the nose indicates excellent descendants luck. You are surrounded by family at all times and will have many children and grandchildren. You have the support of those close to you and will be both materially and emotionally fulfilled.

Position 11

Moles here suggest a tendency to succumb to illness. It is a good idea to have this mole removed especially if it is a large, dark-coloured mole. Otherwise use lots of foundation to cover it.

Position 12

A mole here foretells a successful but also a very balanced life. You are likely to be not just rich, but famous as well. But although you have every opportunity to live the high life, you will have a satisfying home and family life as well. Women with moles here are particularly lucky and tend to be beautiful and glamourous as well.

Position 13

Your children will be a big worry in your life. Your relationship with them is not good. There is nothing mu ch you can do about this except to learn some tolerance.

Position 14

A mole here suggests a vulnerability to food which can be a big problem in your life. You may have allergies against certain foods or you may simply be eating too much.

Position 15

You are a person always on the move and constantly renovating and redesigning your house. You like to be introduced to new things and see new places. You are not happy if you remain in one place for long. You enjoy travel and adventure, and have a very observant eye.

Position 16

You need to be careful when it comes to eating, and also when it comes to your sex life. These are your two biggest problems. You tend to have weight issues which can make you depressed. You enjoy romance, sometimes with more than one person, but because you are a person with some morality, you will feel guilty about it and this will cause you much stress.

Position 17

You will be someone of great social prominence. You are active on the social scene and an excellent conversationalist. There is a tendency to become bigheaded about your success, which could lose you your good name. This will affect you deeply because you draw your confidence and self worth from what others think of you.

Position 18

You are a person always on the move. There is a great deal of overseas travel in your life, but you should take extra care each time you cross the great waters, as your mole prefers you to stay at home.

Position 19

You have money luck and many good friends, so this is a good mole to have. Your weakness is that you tend to succumb to the charms of the opposite sex. In your life, it is this that could get you into hot water, so do cool your ardour!

Position 20

A mole here can be very lucky or very unlucky. If you have a mole here, you are destined either for extreme fame or infamy. You have great flair for creativity and are also highly intelligent, but your talents can be used for both good and bad. You are not a person to be trifled with for you are no pushover and do not forgive and forget easily. This mole is a mark of someone who will go down in history either as a great or as a tyrant.

Position 21

This is a good mole, as it suggests plenty to eat and drink throughout your li fe. This mole also brings fame and recognition.

Position 22

Your life is always happy and things go smoothly for you. You could well become a sports superstar if you have the passion for it. Moles at the end of eyebrows also suggest a person of authority and power, so if you are the CEO of a company, you will do very well.

Position 23

You have a high IQ, and you are both brain smart and street smart. You have a highly-developed survival instinct and will lead a meaningful and long life. You will be active until a very old age and will have friends and family around you till the very end.

Position 24

You will achieve fame and fortune in your young age and you are advised to use this period to safeguard your old age, as people with moles here tend to have a harderlife as they get older.

Position 25

You will enjoy good prosperity and recognition luck, but do be careful of excesses. Stay traditional in your attitudes and you will have a long and fruitful life.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

It's not true actually, so don't believe it.

The Scientist: Biology's Gift to a Complex World

2008-09-20T22:04:00.000-07:00

How studying biological interactions and evolution

yields techniques for predicting the outcome
of complex interactions.

http://www.the-scientist.com/2008/9/1/36/1/

By John Holland

In the late 1980s, engineers at General Electric used an algorithm to resign a new engine for the Boeing 777.¹ It broke new ground for aircraft turbine efficiency. In 1990, a Santa Fe, NM-based investment firm called The Prediction Company introduced a new strategy, the long-term success of which attracted the attention of some of the largest finance houses. The company was bought by Union Bank of Switzerland in 2005. In 2008, two researchers developed a more efficient way of finding defects in silicon microchips, saving tens of millions of dollars annually, and inserting more control into the process. These three breakthroughs, and many others besides, share a common foundation: The application of biology to complex engineering problems.

When I started working on the mathematical description of evolution called genetic algorithms, over 40 years ago, I hardly imagined the range of problems that genetic algorithms could solve.² Today, scientists and engineers from fields as diverse as agriculture, synthetic biology, and mechanical engineering are using genetic algorithms to find efficient solutions to their problems.

I'm no engineer, so I've applied genetic algorithms to the area I know and like best: complex adaptive systems. These are systems that have multiple levels of co-evolution, like ecosystems, which through their complex interactions, become more than the sum of their parts. One example is the immune system, a conglomerate of cells, cytokines and proteins, containing many levels of interaction and adaptation which provide the power to protect a human from the majority of pathogens encountered. To be able to capture the essence of these complex adaptive systems is to be able to predict their most powerful abilities. If we can create a mathematical model of complex adaptive systems that matches the usefulness of the genetic algorithm, it could help solve problems that we haven't yet learned how to tackle.

The idea to build a computer algorithm which mimicked evolution's selection and adaption wouldn't have occurred to me if not for my introduction to the earliest computers. As an undergrad at Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1949, my mentor Zdenek Kopal, who later became the chair of astronomy at the University of Manchester in England, let me tinker with the Whirlwind computer, the first real-time computer with a screen, for my undergraduate thesis. I was working on Southwell's relaxation method, which was a way of solving geometric differential equations. Although Whirlwind was built for missile defense, it served quite well for a computerized version of Southwell's method.

To my surprise, that experience was enough to give me the qualifications IBM was looking for to help design its first commercial, internally programmable computer. It was first called the Defense Calculator, and later designated the IBM 701. With only an undergraduate degree, I was the youngest member by far. I worked alongside future leaders of artificial intelligence, John McCarthy and Art Samuel, testing the programs we fed into the computer on punch cards through the night. At daybreak, the engineers took over the computer, rearranging the hardware that we had built our programs on, much to our frustration. Art was working on a program that could play checkers with a human, and I was working on simulating neural networks. In 1952, I left this exciting work to begin work on a PhD in mathematics at the University of Michigan, though I remained a consultant to IBM for many years.

Computers and their potential were still on my mind when I studied in Michigan. I spent hours in the library stacks of the math department, idly picking up and flipping through books. There was one book that caught my interest. It was a classic on genetics by Ronald A. Fisher, but full of mathematical theory, not just statistics. In it was a mathematics that was much less abstract than the cylindrical algebra I was working on for my dissertation, and it was the first time I had seen real math in biology.

I remember being spellbound by Fisher's theory on mutations and the spread of traits. He postulated that the more variance there was in a population, the more rapidly that population would evolve, and wrote a mathematical theorem that represented this pattern. To solve his equations, Fisher concentrated on the effects of variant genes (alleles) at a single locus, adding up the fitness at all the individual loci to determine the overall fitness of an organism. With this approximation, the greater the variance in fitness at individual loci, the more rapidly the average fitness of a population will increase. Fisher also pointed out that as average fitness increases, variant alleles increasing fitness become more rare, so that high variance becomes more difficult to maintain as average population fitness increases.

Genetic algorithms are fascinating because they can be applied to almost anything. All you have to do is think of the problem as if it were a mass of chromosomes that carry a set of traits.

This approximation bothered me because, even in the 1950's, it was well-established that alleles at different loci interact in nonadditive ways, forming clusters called co-adapted sets of alleles. This approximation also ignored crossover which is the vital component of cross-breeding. In sexual organisms, crossover occurs in every individual in every generation. It is part of why we carry some features of both parents. Mutations at loci, in contrast, occur with very low probabilities, usually less than one in a million. I started to think about how to account for these two missing factors mathematically.

It was around that time that I started talking more frequently with Arthur Burks, a pioneer in computer theory, who was in the process of founding a graduate program in Communication Sciences - a field that was later renamed computer science. He convinced me to switch to the new program, which meant scrapping my dissertation and preparing a new topic on the complexity of logical networks. To enter the program I had to take a number of classes in biology and genetics, which helped me consolidate my thoughts about Fisher's theorem.

The more I read about biology and talked with geneticist Jim Neal, also at the University of Michigan, the more it seemed to me that the major driving force behind evolution was not mutation, but the recombination of genes that occurs because of the crossing over of chromosomes during sexual reproduction. In order to breed a better racehorse, breeders mate a fast horse to a sturdy one, rather than introduce random mutations and look for a horse with superior qualities.

Once I realized the importance of recombination, I saw that the traditional mathematics of population genetics with its dependence on additive approximations would fall short in modeling evolution because it lacked the ability to handle recombination. It seemed obvious to use a computer, which wasn't limited to solving linear, additive problems. I started working on algorithms mimicking crossing over and published a sketch of the basic ideas behind genetic algorithms in a 1962 paper. An extension of Fisher's Fundamental Theorem to genes that interacted in non-additive ways followed - it was called the Schema Theorem. That theorem has a central role in my book Adaptation in Natural and Artificial Systems.³

For more than 20 years, the only people working on genetic algorithms were my students and then their students. At the time, most people thought of evolution as an extraordinarily slow process, and couldn't imagine how an algorithm that mimicked evolution could be better than an engineered solution. Luckily, some of my students had been engineers, and started applying the algorithm to problems that were otherwise unsolvable.

Genetic algorithms are fascinating because they can be applied to almost anything. All you have to do is think of the problem as if it were a mass of chromosomes that carry a set of traits (see graphic on p. 40). Each chromosome represents a completed design made up of multiple genes (e.g., the design for a jet engine). A rating can be assigned to the design by testing it, usually by simulation, which confers each design a "fitness." As with the racehorses, the building blocks of good designs can be recombined, by crossing chromosomes, to produce better, fitter designs. One can expect that some new offspring design will be an improvement on previous good designs (see graphic above). Indeed, the schema theorem gives a theoretical basis for this expectation. So it has proved in practice.⁴

Complexity had caught the attention of these titans of the scientific world . It had all the trappings of the next big problem in science. But in my view, there was something missing.

Today, genetic algorithms underlie a wide range of engineering algorithms that search for the optimal form or better designs. Every year since 2004, researchers have vied for the "Humies" award, totaling $10,000, for evolutionary computational techniques that compete with human capabilities. I am not directly involved in this competition, however, many of my former students attend. This year's Bronze award went to Moshe Sipper from Ben-Gurion University and Assaf Glazer from Israeli company Applied Materials, who used genetic algorithms to improve the accuracy of their silicon microchip defect review process. The modest 3% increase in efficiency they gained translates to tens of millions of dollars in savings. The genetic algorithm also improves the process for future products by creating a higher classification system and feedback control. Past contestants used genetic algorithms to improve how cochlear implants are fitted, or to find a more efficient design for fiber optic cables. Genetic algorithms don't necessarily find the simplest, or most elegant solution - the mathematician's ideal. Solutions found by genetic algorithms often look messy, but the complexity of their design, can confer advantage.

Despite its versatility, there are situations in which the genetic algorithm is not the problem solving tool of choice. If the problem is linear, if it can be divided into simple parts and the solution can be obtained by adding these parts, then other algorithms will be more effective. Also, if a problem is based on too many random and unrelated variables, then using the genetic algorithm will be no better than guessing.

I continued working on genetic algorithms through the 1980s, teaching and giving talks. A talk I gave at Los Alamos in 1986 caught the attention of a distinguished looking man in the audience, who stood up and asked a number of questions about my work. Only later did I learn the inquisitive man was the pre-eminent physicist Murray Gell-Mann, who won the 1968 Nobel Prize in physics for his theory on quarks.

Gell-Mann invited me to join a group of some 15 researchers to discuss the possibilities of forming an institute devoted to the study of complex systems.⁵ Complex systems are those in which the aggregate of parts exhibit properties which wouldn't be expected from the parts alone. For example, a cell performs numerous functions, which require the interaction of multiple components. When taken alone, the components of a cell has very limited functions.

These informal gatherings, organized by George Cowan, were the beginnings of what would eventually become the Santa Fe Institute. Cowan has been something of a hero to me. He was an early member of the Manhattan Project and is a very modest man who initiated many important activities, both cultural and scientific. He had the discernment to pick scientists who were as good at listening as at talking for the Santa Fe Institute, which made it the world-renowned center it is today.

Complexity had caught the attention of these titans of the scientific world. It had all the trappings of the next big problem in science. In order to understand these robust systems we would have to look across many disciplines of science for commonalities and patterns that are present across the board.

In my view, there was one component of complex systems which was missing - the component of adaptation. The complex systems that I was interested in were those whose parts not only interacted to create novel properties, but also co-evolved and adapted new rules to weather the fluctuations in their environment. I called them 'complex adaptive systems' or CAS. Genetic algorithms were the perfect tool to model the adaptation of these systems.

It was at the Santa Fe Institute that I met economist Brian Arthur around 1988. Together we started playing with the idea of applying my genetic algorithms to the complex system of economics. Many people have modeled the stock market using combinations of random variables, statistics and averages, but these models do not capture the dynamics of the market. For example, they do not exhibit the bubbles and crashes that are common features of real markets. We decided that if we could apply genetic algorithms - which not only recombined parts, but modeled adaptation and learning - we'd have a way of predicting the varied behavior of a market. Instead of applying genetic algorithms to objects - like the parts of a jet engine - we applied them to the rules that govern the marketplace, in order to form new rules, cleverer rules, through recombination. We published our ideas in 1997.⁶

As these ideas percolated through the Santa Fe Institute, others became interested in genetic algorithms as a way of modeling the adaptation of rule-based agents. Doyne Farmer and Norm Packard, active members of the Institute who had collaborated in the past, founded the Prediction Company with the purpose of using similar techniques to profit from day to day fluctuations in the market. On the evidence of the nice cars driven by its founders, it was, and is, a successful venture.

These studies and ventures made it clear that we could use genetic algorithms for more than optimization - we could use them as the learning component within CAS, systems which are both pervasive and notoriously difficult to study.

At the outset, it may not seem that complex adaptive systems such as the immune system, the economic function of a city, and tropical rainforests could have much in common. But all CAS involve a diverse array of agents that adapt and learn from their interactions with one another. An individual's immune system is built upon an array of cells, proteins, and chemical factors that are constantly in flux. This vast system of interacting elements responds to all manner of pathogenic threats, protects the body from too much inflammation and even records to memory its fighting strategy so it can be efficient the next time it encounters the same pathogen. The buyers and sellers that comprise the economic infrastructure of a city and the diverse species in a rainforest act in similar ways (click here for infographic). The key is to categorize the similarities across them in order to develop a working theory of all complex adaptive systems.⁷

The best way to study emergent properties is to understand how they emerge from the conglomerate of parts.

In looking for common elements in these complex adaptive systems, we see that all CAS exhibit lever points - points at which a small effort can produce a desired, directed effect. In the immune system, a vaccine would be an example of a lever point. From an engineering perspective, a vaccine is a solution that, with the relatively small effort of inactivating a virus or bacterium, produces a large effect: protecting an entire population from that pathogen. A virologist might design a vacine by searching for the most immunogenic portion of the pathogen. From a CAS perspective, the solution or lever point could be something much different: perhaps a combination of cytokines or the timing of administration that provides critical advantage. Just as genetic algorithms find solutions that are messier but more effective than a human would design, so a theory of CAS would find solutions that might not be obvious to the virologist. A theory of CAS would eliminate the trial and error. On a broader scale, a theory of CAS would let us transfer well-known results about one CAS to other CAS where data or understanding is lacking.⁸

In order to build that theorem, we are characterizing the agents or parts of a system in a way that is as general as possible, and then using genetic algorithms to simulate the learning between our modeled parts. To construct CAS agents we must first characterize the building blocks that will represent the agent in our theorem, as well as the rules that govern their interaction or combination. With our model of economic systems, we saw how genetic algorithms could recombine rules to form new methods of interacting. Our model of CAS would not only recombine the building blocks of the system, but also the rules by which they interact.

My strategy for finding a theorem that can predicts lever points is to study how novel properties emerge from aggregates of building blocks (click here for infographic). For example, the aggregate of immune cells - the proteins and cytokines - protects a human from pathogenic invasion. But this conglomerate of cells also confers immunologic identity between individuals, a so-called emergent property of that system. A good theory of CAS would be able to predict the emergent properties, such as immune identity, which would show us where to look for the lever points of a system.

The best way to study emergent properties is to understand how they emerge from the conglomerate of parts. But emergence is difficult to study in systems, like the immune system, where the emergent properties are already fully developed. Instead we turned to a complex adaptive system where we could study properties as they emerge in every individual: language acquisition. Steven Pinker argued children don't learn language as much as they re-invent it from scratch in every offspring. Indeed, the development of language in a child gives us a good sense of the elements that were most important to the emergence of language in Homo sapiens. Finding the indispensible mechanisms for threading beads of words together, and weaving in syntax and grammar, is proving quite insightful in creating a generalized picture of emergent properties in CAS. For that reason I am focusing much of my attention currently on language acquisition and evolution.⁹

Critics of this theoretical approach might say that a great many researchers are already looking for the silver bullets that would cure cancer, create a malaria vaccine, or stop global warming. These experts arguably understand their systems better than anyone, so how could a CAS theorem help? Just as my student-engineers took genetic algorithms and applied them to un-solvable problems, so I think a complex adaptive systems theorem could help researchers solve problems in ways we haven't yet imagined. A good theorem won't necessarily define the lever point, but it would - if we work it out - show us where to look for an answer.

mailto:mail@the-scientist.com

John Holland is a Professor of Psychology and of Computer Science and Engineering at the University of Michigan and an External Professor at the Santa Fe Institute.

References

1. J.H. Holland, "Genetic algorithms," Sci Am, 267:66-73, 1992.

2. M. Mitchell, An Introduction to Genetic Algorithms, Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1997.

3. J.H. Holland, Adaptation in Natural and Artificial Systems, Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan Press, 1975.

4. J.H. Holland, "Building blocks, cohort genetic algorithms, and hyperplane-defined functions," Evol Computation, 8:373-91, 2000.

5. W.M. Mitchell. Complexity, New York, NY: Simon & Schuster, 1992.

6. W.B. Arthur et al., "Asset pricing under endogenous expectations in an artificial stockmarket," Econ Notes, 26;297-330, 1997.

7. J.H. Holland, Hidden Order: How Adaptation Builds Complexity, New York, NY: Addison Wesley, 1995.

8. J.H. Holland, "Exploring the evolution of complexity in signaling networks," Complexity, 7: 34-45, 2002.

9. T. Gong et al., "Coevolution of lexicon and syntax from a simulation perspective," Complexity, 10:50-62, 2005.

Chemistry GCE A Levels Syllabus

2008-09-20T21:55:00.000-07:00

Do you have these?

Chemistry syllabus

Biology syllabus

Physics syllabus

Maths syllabus

Food as medicine

2008-09-20T03:54:00.000-07:00

HEADACHE?

EAT FISH! Eat plenty of fish -- fish oil helps prevent headaches. So does ginger, which reduces inflammation and pain.

HAY FEVER?

EAT YOGURT! Eat lots of yogurt before pollen season. Also-eat honey from your area (local region) daily.

TO PREVENT STROKE

DRINK TEA! Prevent buildup of fatty deposits on artery walls with regular doses of tea. (actually, tea suppresses my appetite and keeps the pounds from invading....Green tea is great for our immune system)!

INSOMNIA (CAN'T SLEEP?)

HONEY! Use honey as a tranquilizer and sedative.

ASTHMA?

EAT ONIONS!!!! Eating onions helps ease constriction of bronchial tubes. (when I was young, my mother would make onion packs to place on our chest, helped the respiratory ailments and actually made us breathe better).

ARTHRITIS?

EAT FISH, TOO!! Salmon, tuna, mackerel and sardines actually prevent arthritis. (fish has omega oils, good for our immune system).

UPSET STOMACH?

BANANAS - GINGER!!!!! Bananas will settle an upset stomach. Ginger will cure morning sickness and nausea.

BLADDER INFECTION?

DRINK CRANBERRY JUICE!!!! High-acid cranberry juice controls harmful bacteria.

BONE PROBLEMS?

EAT PINEAPPLE!!! Bone fractures and osteoporosis can be prevented by the manganese in pineapple.

PREMENSTRUAL SYNDROME?

EAT CORNFLAKES!!!! Women can ward off the effects of PMS with cornflakes, which help reduce depression, anxiety and fatigue.

MEMORY PROBLEMS?

EAT OYSTERS! Oysters help improve your mental functioning by supplying much-needed zinc.

COLDS?

EAT GARLIC! Clear up that stuffy head with garlic. (remember, garlic lowers cholesterol, too.)

COUGHING?

USE RED PEPPERS!! A substance similar to that found in the cough syrups is found in hot red pepper. Use red (cayenne) pepper with caution-it can irritate your tummy.

BREAST CANCER?

EAT Wheat, bran and cabbage Helps to maintain estrogen at healthy levels.

LUNG CANCER?

EAT DARK GREEN AND ORANGE AND VEGGIES!!! A good antidote is beta carotene, a form of Vitamin A found in dark green and orange vegetables.

ULCERS?

EAT CABBAGE ALSO!!! Cabbage contains chemicals that help heal both gastric and duodenal ulcers.

DIARRHEA?

EAT APPLES! Grate an apple with its skin, let it turn brown and eat it to cure this condition. (Bananas are good for this ailment).

CLOGGED ARTERIES?

EAT AVOCADO! Mono unsaturated fat in avocados lowers cholesterol.

HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE?

EAT CELERY AND OLIVE OIL!!! Olive oil has been shown to lower blood pressure. Celery contains a chemical that lowers pressure too.

BLOOD SUGAR IMBALANCE?

EAT BROCCOLI AND PEANUTS!!! The chromium in broccoli and peanuts helps regulate insulin and blood sugar.

Kiwi: Tiny but mighty. This is a good source of potassium, magnesium, Vitamin E &fiber. It's Vitamin C content is twice that of an orange.

Apple: An apple a day keeps the doctor away? Although an apple has a low Vitamin C content, it has antioxidants &flavonoids which enhances the activity of Vitamin C thereby helping to lower the risks of colon cancer, heart attack & stroke.

Strawberry: Protective fruit. Strawberries have the highest total antioxidant power among major fruits &protects the body from cancer causing, blood vessels clogging free radicals. (Actually, any berry is good for you..they're high in anti-oxidants and they actually keep us young.........blueberries are the best and very versatile in the health field........they get rid of all the free-radicals that invade our bodies)

Orange: Sweetest medicine. Taking 2 - 4 oranges a day may help keep colds away, lower cholesterol, prevent & dissolve kidney stones as well as lessen the risk of colon cancer.

Watermelon: Coolest Thirst Quencher. Composed of 92% water, it is also packed with a giant dose of glutathione which helps boost our immune system. They are also a key source of lycopene - the cancer fighting oxidant. Other nutrients found in watermelon are Vitamin C &Potassium. (watermelon also has natural substances [natural SPF sources] that keep our skin healthy, protecting our skin from those darn suv rays)

Guava &Papaya: Top awards for Vitamin C. They are the clear winners for their high Vitamin C content. Guava is also rich in fiber which helps prevent constipation. Papaya is rich in carotene, this is good for your eyes. (also good for gas and indigestion)

Tomatoes are very good as a preventative measure for men, keeps those prostrate problems from invading their bodies.

Enjoy!!

Don't drinking bottled water that kept in car

2008-09-18T23:22:00.000-07:00

Someone send us this and we think this is very useful. Here you are:

"Just wanted to let you know some VERY important information!

This information was given to me by my husband and I know all the ladies in my life should know and please forward it to all the ladies in your life.

My husband has a friend whose mother recently got diagnosed with breast cancer. The doctor told her women should not drink bottled water that has been left in a car. The doctor said that the heat and the plastic of the bottle have certain chemicals that can lead to breast cancer. So please be careful and do not drink that water bottle that has been left in a car and pass this on to all the women in your life.

This information is the kind we need to know and be aware and just might save us!!!!"

Little thing that can help you a lot.

2008-09-18T23:12:00.000-07:00

This is a wonderful video!!!

Facts

2008-09-18T23:06:00.000-07:00

1. Chewing on gum while cutting onions can help aPerson from stop producing tears. Try it next time you choponions!!!!!!!!!!

2. Until babies are six months old, they can breathe and swallow at the same time. Indeed convenient!

3. Offered a new pen to write with, 97% of all people will write their ownname.

4. Male mosquitoes are vegetarians. Only females bite.

5. The average person's field of vision encompasses a 200-degree wide angle.

6. To find out if a watermelon is ripe, knock it, and if it sounds hollowThen it is ripe.

7. Canadians can send letters with personalized postage stamps showing theirown photos on each stamp.

8. Babies' eyes do not produce tears until the baby is approximately six to eight weeks old.

9. It snowed in the Sahara Desert in February of 1979.

10. Plants watered with warm water grow larger and more quickly than plants watered with cold water.

11. Wearing headphones for just an hour will increase the bacteria in yourear by 700 times.

12. Grapes explode when you put them in the microwave.

13. Those stars and colours you see when you rub your eyes are called phosphenes.

14. Our eyes are always the same size from birth, but our nose and earsNever stop growing.

15.Everyone's tongue print is different, like fingerprints.

16 Contrary to popular belief, a swallowed chewing gum doesn't stay in the gut. It will pass through the system and be excreted.

17. At 40 Centigrade a person loses about 14. 4 calories per hour byBreathing.

18. There is a hotel in Sweden built entirely out of ice; it is rebuiltEvery year.

19. Cats, camels and giraffes are the only animals in the world that walkRightfoot, right foot, left foot, left foot, rather than right foot,leftFoot...

20. Onions help reduce cholesterol if eaten after a fatty meal.

21. The sound you hear when you crack your knuckles is actually the soundof Nitrogen gas bubbles bursting.

22. In most watch advertisements the time displayed on the watch is 10:10because then the arms frame the brand of the watch And make it look like it's smiling.

23. The color blue can have a calming affect on people.

24. Depending upon the shade, the brain may send up to 11 tranquilizingChemicals to calm the body

25. Leonardo DA Vinci could write with the one hand and draw with the other simultaneously. Now we know why his pictures were exquisite!!

26. Names of the three wise monkeys are: Mizaru (See no evil),Mikazaru(Hear no evil), and Mazaru (Speak no evil).

27. The only 2 animals that can see behind itself without turning it's head are the rabbit and parrot.

28. The only 15 letter word that can be spelled without repeating a letteris uncopyrightable.

29. Babies are born without knee caps. They don't appear until the childReaches 2-6 years of age

30. The names of the continents all end with the same letter with whichthey start.

31. Electricity doesn't move through a wire but through a field around thewire.

32. All U.S. Presidents have worn glasses; some of them just didn't like to be seen wearing them in public.

33. No word in the English language rhymes with month, orange, silver, andpurple.

34. Raw cashews are poisonous and must be roasted before.

The correct way to eat instant noodles without harming our bodies

2008-09-18T23:03:00.000-07:00

Normally, we cook the instant noodles by putting the noodles into a pot with water, throw in the powder and let it cook for 3 mins . This is the WRONG method of cooking the instant noodles.

By doing this, when we actually boil the ingredients in the powder, normally with MSG, it will change the molecular structures of the MSG causing it to be toxic. The other thing that you may or may not realized is that, the noodles are coated with wax and it will take around 4 to 5 days for the body to excrete the wax after you have taken the noodles.

So the CORRECT method, which you may or may not know, is to cook thenoodles this way:

1. Boil the noodles in a pot with water.
2. Once the noodles is cooked, take out the noodles, and throw away the water which contains wax.
3. Boil another pot of water till boiling and put the noodles into the hot boiling water and then shut the fire.
4. Only at this stage when the fire is off, and while the water is very hot, put the ingredient with the powder into the water, to make noodle soup.
5. However, if you need dry noodles, take out the noodles n add the ingredient with the powder and toss it to get dry noodles.

Hope this piece of information is of importance to your health in relation to eating instant noodles and please applies this cooking method with immediate effect.

25 Worlds Weirdest Animals

2008-09-18T22:38:00.000-07:00

The Pygmy Marmoset (Callithrix (Cebuella) pygmaea) is a monkey native to the rainforest canopies of western Brazil , southeastern Colombia , eastern Ecuador , and eastern Peru . It is one of the smallest primates, with its body length ranging from 14-16 cm (excluding the 15-20 cm tail) and the smallest monkey. Males weigh around 140 g (5 ounces), and females only 120 g ( 4.2 ounces). TDespite its name, the Pygmy Marmoset is somewhat different from the typical marmosets classified in genus Callithrix. As such, it is accorded its own subgenus, which was formerly recognized as its own genus, Cebuella. TThe Pygmy Marmoset has a tawny coat, and a ringed tail that can be as long as its body. Their claws are specially adapted for climbing trees, a trait unique to the species. They are omnivorous, feeding on fruit, leaves, insects, and sometimes even small reptiles. Much of their diet, however, comes from tapping trees for sap. Up to two-thirds of their time is spent gouging tree bark to reach the gummy sap. The Pygmy Marmoset has specialized incisors for gouging holes in bark. Unfortunately, because of its small size, and its swift movements, it is very hard to observe in the wild. TIn captivity, the Pygmy Marmoset can live up to 11 years.

The blobfish (Psychrolutes marcidus) is a fish that inhabits the deep waters off the coasts of Australia and Tasmania . Due to the inaccessibility of its habitat, it is rarely seen by humans. Blobfish are found at depths where the pressure is several dozens of times higher than at sea level, which would likely make gas bladders inefficient. To remain buoyant, the flesh of the blobfish is primarily a gelatinous mass with a density slightly less than water; this allows the fish to float above the sea floor without expending energy on swimming. The relative lack of muscle is not a disadvantage as it primarily swallows edible matter that floats by in front it.

The Platypus (Ornithorhynchus anatinus) is a semi-aquatic mammal endemic to eastern Australia , including Tasmania . Together with the four species of echidna, it is one of the five extant species of monotremes, the only mammals that lay eggs instead of giving birth to live young. It is the sole living representative of its family (Ornithorhynchidae) and genus (Ornithorhynchus), though a number of related species have been found in the fossil record. The bizarre appearance of this egg-laying, duck-billed mammal baffled naturalists when it was first discovered, with some considering it an elaborate fraud. It is one of the few venomous mammals; the male Platypus has a spur on the hind foot which delivers a poison capable of causing severe pain to humans. The unique features of the Platypus make it an important subject in the study of evolutionary biology and a recognizable and iconic symbol of Australia ; it has appeared as a mascot at national events and is featured on the reverse of the Australian 20 cent coin. Until the early 20th century it was hunted for its fur, but it is now protected throughout its range. Although captive breeding programs have had only limited success and the Platypus is vulnerable to the effects of pollution, it is not under any immediate threat.

The Shoebill, Balaeniceps rex also known as Whalehead is a very large bird related to the storks. It derives its name from its massive shoe-shaped bill. The Shoebill is a very large bird, averaging 1.2 m (4 ft) tall, 5.6 kg (12.3 lbs) and 2.33 m (7.7 ft) across the wings. The adult is mainly grey, the juveniles are browner. It lives in tropical east Africa, in large swamps from Sudan to Zambia . The Shoebill was added rather recently to the ornithological lists; the species was only discovered in the 19th century when some skins were brought to Europe . It was not until years later that live specimens reached the scientific community. The bird was known to both ancient Egyptians and Arabs however. There exist Egyptian images depicting the Shoebill while the Arabs referred to the bird as abu markub, which means one with a shoe. Clearly, this refers to the striking bill.

Kiwa hirsuta is a crustacean discovered in 2005 in the South Pacific Ocean . This decapod, which is approximately 15 cm (6 inches) long, is notable for the quantity of silky blond setae (resembling fur) covering its pereiopods (thoracic legs, including claws). Its discoverers dubbed it the 'yeti lobster' or 'yeti crab'[2]. K. hirsuta was discovered in March 2005 by a group organised by Robert Vrijenhoek of the Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute in Monterey , California , using the submarine DSV Alvin, operating from RV Atlantis[3]. The discovery was announced on the 7th of March, 2006. It was found 1,500 km (900 miles) south of Easter Island in the South Pacific, at a depth of 2,200 m (7,200 feet), living on hydrothermal vents along the Pacific-Antarctic Ridge[4]. Based on both morphology and molecular data, the species was deemed to form a new genus and family (Kiwaidae). The animal has strongly reduced eyes that lack pigment, and is thought to be blind. The 'hairy' pincers contain filamentous bacteria, which the creature may use to detoxify poisonous minerals from the water emitted by the hydrothermal vents where it lives. Alternatively, it may feed on the bacteria, although it is thought to be a general carnivore[2]. Its diet also consists of green algae and small shrimp.

Tarsiers are prosimian primates of the genus Tarsius, a monotypic genus in the family Tarsiidae, which is itself the lone extant family within the infraorder Tarsiiformes. The phylogenetic position of extant tarsiers within the order Primates has been debated for much of the past century, and tarsiers have alternately been classified with strepsirrhine primates in the suborder Prosimii, or as the sister group to the simians (=Anthropoidea) in the infraorder Haplorrhini. Analysis of SINE insertions, a type of macromutation to the DNA, is argued to offer very persuasive evidence for the monophyly of Haplorrhini, where other lines of evidence, such as DNA sequence data, had remained ambiguous. Thus, some systematists argue that the debate is conclusively settled in favor of a monophyletic Haplorrhini. Tarsiers have enormous eyes and long feet. Their feet have extremely elongated tarsus bones, which is how they got their name. They are primarily insectivorous, and catch insects by jumping at them. They are also known to prey on birds and snakes. As they jump from tree to tree, tarsiers can catch even birds in motion. Gestation takes about six months, and tarsiers give birth to single offspring. All tarsier species are nocturnal in their habits, but like many nocturnal organisms some individuals may show more or less activity during the daytime. Unlike many nocturnal animals, however, tarsiers lack a light-reflecting area (tapetum lucidum) of the eye.

The octopuses of the genus Grimpoteuthis are sometimes nicknamed 'Dumbo octopuses' from the ear-like fins protruding from the top of their 'heads' (actually bodies), resembling the ears of Walt Disney's flying elephant. They are benthic creatures, living at extreme depths, and are some of the rarest of the Octopoda species.

The Frill-necked Lizard, or Frilled Lizard also known as the Frilled Dragon, (Chlamydosaurus kingii) is so called because of the large ruff of skin which usually lies folded back against its head and neck. The neck frill is supported by long spines of cartilage, and when the lizard is frightened, it gapes its mouth showing a bright pink or yellow lining, and the frill flares out, displaying bright orange and red scales. The frill may also aid in thermoregulation. They may grow up to one metre in total length. They often walk quadrupedally when on the ground. When frightened they begin to run on all-fours and then accelerate onto the hind-legs. In Australia , the frill-necked lizard is also known as the 'bicycle lizard' because of this behaviour. Males are significantly larger than females both as juveniles and when mature. The frill of the Australian frilled dragon is used to frighten off potential predators - as well as hissing and lunging. If this fails to ward off the threat, the lizard flees bipedally to a nearby tree where it climbs to the top and relies on camouflage to keep it hidden.

The Narwhal (Monodon monoceros) is an Arctic species of cetacean. It is a creature rarely found south of latitude 70癗. It is one of two species of white whale in the Monodontidae family (the other is the beluga whale). It is possibly also related to the Irrawaddy dolphin. The English name narwhal is derived from the Dutch name narwal which in turn comes from the Danish narhval which is based on the Old Norse word nar, meaning 'corpse.' This is a reference to the animal's colour. The narwhal is also commonly known as the Moon Whale. In some parts of the world, the Narwhal is colloquially referred to as a 'reamfish.'

The Madagascar Sucker-footed Bat, Old World Sucker-footed Bat, or Sucker-footed Bat (Myzopoda aurita and Myzopoda schliemanni) is a species of bat in the Myzopodidae family.

Nasalis larvatus also known as Long-nosed Monkey is a reddish-brown arboreal Old World monkey. It is the only species in monotypic genus Nasalis. The most distinctive trait of this monkey is the male's large protruding nose. The purpose of the large nose is unclear, but it has been suggested that it is a result of sexual selection. The female Proboscis Monkey prefers big-nosed male s, thus propagating the trait. Males are much larger than females, reaching 72 cm (28 inches) in length, with an up to 75 cm tail, and weighing up to 24 kg (53 pounds). Females are up to 60 cm long, weighing up to 12 kg (26 lb). The Proboscis Monkey also has a large belly, as a result of its diet. Its digestive system is divided into several parts, with distinctive gut flora, which help in digesting leaves. This digestive process releases a lot of gas, resulting in the monkey's 'bloated' bellies. A side-effect of this unique digestive system is that it is unable to digest ripe fruit, unlike most other simians. The diet consists mainly of fruits, seeds and leaves.

The Pink Fairy Armadillo (Chlamyphorus truncatus) or Pichiciego is the smallest species of armadillo (mammals of the family Dasypodidae, mostly known for having a bony armor shell). It is approximately 90-115 mm long excluding the tail, and is pale rose or pink in color. It is found in central Argentina where it inhabits dry grasslands and sandy plains with thorn bushes and cacti. It has the ability to bury itself completely in a matter of seconds if frightened. The Pink Fairy Armadillo burrows small holes near ant colonies in dry dirt. It feeds mainly on ants and ant larvae near its burrow. Occasionally it feeds on worms, snails, insects and larvae, or various plant and root material.

The Axolotl (or ajolote) (Ambystoma mexicanum) is the best-known of the Mexican neotenic mole salamanders belonging to the Tiger Salamander complex. Larvae of this species fail to undergo metamorphosis, so the adults remain aquatic and gilled. The species originates from the lake underlying Mexico City . Axolotls are used extensively in scientific research due to their ability to regenerate most body parts, ease of breeding, and large embryos. They are commonly kept as pets in the United States , Great Britain , Australia , Japan (where they are sold under the name Wooper Rooper, and other countries. Axolotls should not be confused with waterdogs, the larval stage of the closely related Tiger Salamanders (Ambystoma tigrinum and Ambystoma mavortium), which is widespread in much of North America which also occasionally become neotenic, nor with mudpuppies (Necturus spp.), fully aquatic salamanders which are unrelated to the axolotl but which bear a superficial resemblance.

The Aye-aye (Daubentonia madagascariensis) is a strepsirrhine native to Madagascar that combines rodent-like teeth with a long, thin middle finger to fill the same ecological niche as a woodpecker. It is the world's largest nocturnal primate, and is characterized by its unique method of finding food; it taps on trees to find grubs, then gnaws holes in the wood and inserts its elongated middle finger to pull the grubs out. Daubentonia is the only genus in the family Daubentoniidae and infraorder Chiromyiformes. The Aye-aye is the only extant member of the genus (although it is currently an endangered species); a second species (Daubentonia robusta) was exterminated over the last few centuries.

The Alpaca (Vicugna pacos) is a domesticated species of South American camelid developed from the wild alpacas. It resembles a sheep in appearance, but is larger and has a long erect neck as well as coming in many colors, whereas sheep are generally bred to be white and black. Alpacas are kept in herds that graze on the level heights of the Andes of Ecuador, southern Peru , northern Bolivia , and northern Chile at an altitude of 3500 to 5000 meters above sea-level, throughout the year. Alpacas are considerably smaller than llamas, and unlike them are not used as beasts of burden but are valued only for their fiber. Alpacas only have fleece fibers, not woolen fibers, used for making knitted and woven items much as sheeps wool is. These items include blankets, sweaters, hats, gloves, scarves, a wide variety of textiles and ponchos in South America , and sweaters, socks and coats in other parts of the world. The fiber comes in more than 52 natural colors as classified in Peru , 12 as classified in Australia and 22 as classified in America .

The Emperor Tamarin (Saguinus imperator) is a tamarin allegedly named for its similarity with the German emperor Wilhelm II. The name was first intended as a joke, but has become the official scientific name. This tamarin lives in the southwest Amazon Basin , in east Peru , north Bolivia and in the west Brazilian states of Acre and Amazonas. The fur of the Emperor Tamarin is predominantly grey colored, with yellowish speckles on its chest. The hands and feet are black and the tail is brown. Outstanding is its long, white mustache, which extends to both sides beyond the shoulders. The animal reaches a length of 24 to 26 cm, plus a 35 cm long tail. It weighs approximately 300 to 400 g. This primate inhabits tropical rain forests, living deep in the forest and also in open tree-covered areas. It is a diurnal animal, spending the majority of its days in the trees with quick, safe movements and broad jumps among the limbs.

The White-faced Saki (Pithecia pithecia), also known as the Guianan Saki and the Golden-faced Saki, is a species of saki monkey, a type of New World monkey, found in Brazil, French Guiana, Guyana, Suriname, and Venezuela. This monkey mostly feed on fruits, but also nuts, seeds, and insects.

Tapirs are large browsing mammals, roughly pig-like in shape, with short, prehensile snouts. They inhabit jungle and forest regions of South America, Central America, and Southeast Asia . All four species of tapir are classified as endangered or vulnerable. Their closest relatives are the other odd-toed ungulates, horses and rhinoceroses.

Hagfish are marine craniates of the class Myxini, also known as Hyperotreti. Despite their name, there is some debate about whether they are strictly fish (as there is for lampreys), since they belong to a much more primitive lineage than any other group that is commonly defined fish (Chondrichthyes and Osteichthyes). Their unusual feeding habits and slime-producing capabilities have led members of the scientific and popular media to dub the hagfish as the most 'disgusting' of all sea creatures. Hagfish are long, vermiform and can exude copious quantities of a sticky slime or mucus (from which the typical species Myxine glutinosa was named). When captured and held by the tail, they escape by secreting the fibrous slime, which turns into a thick and sticky gel when combined with water, and then cleaning off by tying themselves in an overhand knot which works its way from the head to the tail of the animal, scraping off the slime as it goes. Some authorities conjecture that this singular behavior may assist them in extricating themselves from the jaws of predatory fish. However, the 'sliming' also seems to act as a distraction to predators, and free-swimming hagfish are seen to 'slime' when agitated and will later clear the mucus off by way of the same travelling-knot behavior.

The Star-nosed Mole (Condylura cristata) is a small North American mole found in eastern Canada and the north-eastern United States .. It is the only member of the tribe Condylurini and the genus Condylura. It lives in wet lowland areas and eats small invertebrates, aquatic insects, worms and molluscs. It is a good swimmer and can forage along the bottoms of streams and ponds. Like other moles, this animal digs shallow surface tunnels for foraging; often, these tunnels exit underwater. It is active day and night and remains active in winter, when it has been observed tunnelling through the snow and swimming in ice-covered streams. Little is known about the social behavior of the species, but it is suspected that it is colonial. The Star-nosed Mole is covered in thick blackish brown water-repellent fur and has large scaled feet and a long thick tail, which appears to function as a fat storage reserve for the spring breeding season. Adults are 15 to 20 cm in length, weigh about 55 g, and have 44 teeth. The mole's most distinctive feature is a circle of 22 mobile, pink, fleshy tentacles at the end of the snout. These are used to identify food by touch, such as worms, insects and crustaceans.

The Sun Bear (Helarctos malayanus) is a bear found primarily in the tropical rainforests of Southeast Asia . The Sun Bear stands approximately 4 ft (1.2 m) in length, making it the smallest member in the bear family. It is often called the dog bear because of its small stature. It has a 2 in (5 cm) tail and on average weighs less than 145 lb (65 kg). Males tend to be slightly larger than females. Unlike other bears, the Sun Bear's fur is short and sleek. This adaptation is probably due to the lowland climates it inhabits. Dark black or brown-black fur covers its body, except on the chest where there is a pale orange-yellow marking in the shape of a horseshoe. Similar colored fur can be found around the muzzle and the eyes. This distinct marking gives the sun bear its name.

Females are 27 inches (69cm) at the withers. Male Komondorok are a minimum of 28 inches at the withers, but many are over 30 inches tall, making this one of the larger common breeds of dog. The body is not overly coarse or heavy, however, and people unfamiliar with the breed are often surprised by how quick and agile the dogs are. Its long, thick, strikingly corded white coat (the heaviest amount of fur in the canine world) resembles dreadlocks or a mop. The puppy coat is soft and fluffy. However, the coat is wavy and tends to curl as the puppy matures. A fully mature coat is formed naturally from the soft undercoat and the coarser outer coat combining to form tassels, or cords. Some help is needed in separating the cords so the dog does not turn into one large matted mess. The length of the cords increases with time as the coat grows. Shedding is very minimal with this breed, contrary to what one might think (once cords are fully formed). The only substantial shedding occurs as a puppy before the dreadlocks fully form. The Komondor is born with only a white coat, unlike the similar-looking Puli, which is usually white, black or sometimes grayish. However, a working Komondor's coat may be discolored by the elements, and may appear off-white if not washed regularly.

The Angora rabbit is a variety of domestic rabbit bred for its long, soft hair. The Angora is one of the oldest types of domestic rabbit, originating in Ankara , Turkey , along with the Angora cat and Angora goat. The rabbits were popular pets with French royalty in the mid 1700s, and spread to other parts of Europe by the end of the century. They first appeared in the United States in the early 1900s. They are bred largely for their long wool, which may be removed by shearing or plucking (gently pulling loose wool). There are many individual breeds of Angora rabbits, four of which are ARBA recognized. Such breeds include, French, German, Giant, English, Satin, Chinese, Swiss, Finnish, to name a few.

The Red Panda, Ailurus fulgens ('shining cat,' from a Latinized form of the Greek, ailouros, 'cat,' and the participial form of the Latin fulgere, 'to shine') is a mostly herbivorous mammal, slightly larger than a domestic cat (55 cm long). The Red Panda has semi-retractile claws and, like the Giant Panda, has a 'false thumb' which is really an extension of the wrist bone. Thick fur on the soles of the feet offers protection from cold and hides scent glands. The Red Panda is native to the Himalayas in Nepal and southern China . The word panda is derived from Nepalese word 'ponya' which means bamboo and plants eating animals in Nepal .

Sloths are medium-sized mammals that live in Central and South America belonging to the families Megalonychidae and Bradypodidae, part of the order Pilosa. Most scientists call these two families the Folivora suborder, while some call it Phyllophaga. Sloths are omnivores. They may eat insects, small lizards and carrion, but their diet consists mostly of buds, tender shoots, and leaves. Sloths have made extraordinary adaptations to an arboreal browsing lifestyle. Leaves, their main food source, provide very little energy or nutrition and do not digest easily: sloths have very large, specialized, slow-acting stomachs with multiple compartments in which symbiotic bacteria break down the tough leaves. As much as two-thirds of a well-fed sloth's body-weight consists of the contents of its stomach, and the digestive process can take as long as a month or more to complete. Even so, leaves provide little energy, and sloths deal with this by a range of economy measures: they have very low metabolic rates (less than half of that expected for a creature of their size), and maintain low body temperatures when active (30 to 34 degrees Celsius or 86 to 93 degrees Fahrenheit), and still lower temperatures when resting. Sloths mainly live in Cecropia trees.

Butterflies with Transparent Wings

2008-09-18T22:26:00.000-07:00

Transparent Butterfly

It comes from Central America and is found from Mexico to Panama.
It is quite common in its zone, but it not easy to find because of its
transparent wings, which is a natural camouflage mechanism.
A butterfly with transparent wings is rare and beautiful.

As delicate as finely blown glass, the presence of this rare tropical
gem is used by rain forest ecologists as an indication of high
habitat quality and its demise alerts them of ecological change.

Rivaling the refined beauty of a stained glass window,
the translucent wings of the Glasswing butterfly shimmer in the
sunlight like polished panes of turquoise, orange, green, and red.

All things beautiful do not have to be full of color to be noticed:
In life that which is unnoticed has the most power.

Awesome, right? Mr Jaya, leave a comment lah!

Tips for Better Life

2008-09-17T22:56:00.000-07:00

1. Take a 10-30 minutes walk every day. And while you walk,smile.

2. Sit in silence for at least 10 minutes each day.

3. Sleep for 7 hours.

4. Live with the 3 E's -- Energy, Enthusiasm, and Empathy.

5. Play more games.

6. Read more books than you did in 2007.

7. Make time to practice meditation, yoga, and prayer. They provide us with daily fuel for our busy lives.

8. Spend time with people over the age of 70 & under the age of six.

9. Dream more while you are awake.

10. Eat more foods that grow on trees and plants and eat less food that is manufactured in plants.

11. Drink plenty of water.

12. Try to make at least three people smile each day.

13. Don't waste your precious energy on gossip.

14. Forget issues of the past. Don't remind your partner with his/her mistakes of the past. That will ruin your present happiness.

15. Don't have negative thoughts or things you cannot control. Instead invest your energy in the positive present moment.

16. Realize that life is a school and you are here to learn. Problems are simply part of the curriculum that appear and fade away like algebra class but the lessons you learn will last a lifetime.

17. Eat breakfast like a king, lunch like a prince and dinner like a beggar.

18. Smile and laugh more.

19. Life is too short to waste time hating anyone. Don't hate others.

20. Don't take yourself so seriously. No one else does.

21. You don't have to win every argument. Agree to disagree.

22. Make peace with your past so it won't spoil the present.

23. Don't compare your life to others'. You have no idea what their journey is all about. Don't compare your partner with others.

24. No one is in charge of your happiness except you.

25. Forgive everyone for everything.

26.. What other people think of you is none of your business.

27. However good or bad a situation is, it will change.

28. Your job won't take care of you when you are sick. Your friends will. Stay in touch.

29. Get rid of anything that isn't useful, beautiful or joyful.

30. Envy is a waste of time. You already have all you need.

31. The best is yet to come.

32. No matter how you feel, get up, dress up and show up.

33. Do the right thing!

34. Call your family often.

35. Your inner most is always happy. So be happy.

36. Each day give something good to others.

37. Don't over do. Keep your limits.

DRINK WATER ON EMPTY STOMACH

2008-09-17T22:46:00.000-07:00

It is popular in Japan today to drink water immediately after waking up every morning. Furthermore, scientific tests have proven its value. We publish below a description of use of water for our readers. For old and serious diseases as well as modern illnesses the water treatment had been found successful by a Japanese medical society as a 100% cure for the following diseases:
Headache, body ache, heart system, arthritis, fast heart beat, epilepsy, excess fatness, bronchitis asthma, TB, meningitis, kidney and urine diseases, vomiting, gastritis, diarrhea, piles, diabetes, constipation, all eye diseases, womb, cancer and menstrual disorders, ear nose and throat diseases.

METHOD OF TREATMENT
1. As you wake up in the morning before brushing teeth, drink 4 x 160ml glasses of water2. Brush and clean the mouth but do not eat or drink anything for 45 minute3. After 45 minutes you may eat and drink as normal. 4. After 15 minutes of breakfast, lunch and dinner do not eat or drink anything for 2 hours5. Those who are old or sick and are unable to drink 4 glasses of water at the beginning may commence by taking little water and gradually increase it to 4 glasses per day. 6. The above method of treatment will cure diseases of the sick and others can enjoy a healthy life.

The following list gives the number of days of treatment required to cure/control/reduce main diseases:
1. High Blood Pressure (30 days)
2. Gastric (10 days)
3. Diabetes (30 days)
4. Constipation (10 days)
5. Cancer (180 days)
6. TB (90 days)
7. Arthritis patients should follow the above treatment only for 3 days in the 1st week, and from 2nd week onwards daily.
This treatment method has no side effects, however at the commencement of treatment you may have to urinate a few times.

It is better if we continue this and make this procedure as a routine work in our life. Drink Water and Stay healthy and Active.

This makes sense ... The Chinese and Japanese drink hot tea with their meals ...not cold water. Maybe it is time we adopt their drinking habit while eating!!! Nothing to lose, everything to gain....

For those who like to drink cold water, this article is applicable to you.It is nice to have a cup of cold drink after a meal. However, the cold water will solidify the oily stuff that you have just consumed. It will slow down the digestion.

Once this 'sludge' reacts with the acid, it will break down and be absorbed by the intestine faster than the solid food. It will line the intestine. Very soon, this will turn into fats and lead to cancer. It is best to drink hot soup or warm water after a meal.

A serious note about heart attacks:
· Women should know that not every heart attack symptom is going to be the left arm hurting,
· Be aware of intense pain in the jaw line.
· You may never have the first chest pain during the course of a heart attack.
· Nausea and intense sweating are also common symptoms.
· 60% of people who have a heart attack while they are asleep do not wake up.
· Pain in the jaw can wake you from a sound sleep. Let's be careful and be aware. The more we know, the better chance we could survive...

A cardiologist says if everyone who gets this mail sends it to everyone they know, you can be sure that we'll save at least one life.

Household Hints Index

2008-09-17T22:39:00.000-07:00

Arthritis
Relieve arthritis. Before each meal, drink a glass of water containing two teaspoons apple cider vinegar. Give this folk remedy at least three weeks to start working.

Bee Stings
Relieve by applying a poultice of baking soda and water.Apply a freshly-cut slice of raw onion to the sting to help draw out the poison. Hold the onion in place with tape.

Black Fly
BitesRub regular underarm deodorant across the bite, and the bite will stop itching right away.

Boils or Pimples
To diffuse a boil or pimple, add two tablespoons of lemon to a cup of freshly-boiled water. Soak, clean, and disinfect the area with a cotton ball.

Burns
To soothe burns, dab pure vanilla extract onto a cooking burn to keep it from blistering.

Car Sickness
Sucking on a wedge of lemon will make you feel better. But be sure to rinse your mouth afterwards as lemon corrodes teeth enamel.

Chafed Skin
Gently pat a raw slice of potato over irritated nose, forehead, cheeks and chin. Rinse with cool water to close pores.

Contact Lenses
If they are lost, darken the room as much as possible. Shine a flashlight over the floor. The lens will glow.

Corns
To relieve corns, just before going to bed slice off one end of a lemon so that the 'hole' that remains is the size of a penny. Insert the toe with the corn into the lemon. Put a sock on your foot to keep the lemon in place and repeat nightly until the corn disappears.

Cough
For relief of a common cough, mix honey and lemon together. Roast a lemon until it breaks open, mix a teaspoon of warm lemon juice with half a teaspoon of honey, and take every half hour until cough goes away.

Fatigue
Start running warm water into the tub, then add 1-1/2 cups ordinary table salt to the bath. Have the water warm, but not hot.

Hemorrhoids
To relieve hemorrhoidal symptoms, dampen a cotton ball with lemon juice, then apply to the affected area.

Hiccups
Suck a wedge of lemon doused with Worcestershire sauce.

Hornet Stings
Wring out a towel in hot water and sprinkle a generous portion of meat tenderizer on the towel. Apply directly to the sting, re-treating the towel every five minutes for about half an hour. The hot towel causes the pores of your skin to open, and the tenderizer neutralizes the venom. If you do this quickly enough after the hornet's bite, there is no pain or swelling.

Insect Bites
To relieve the itch, cut an aloe leaf and rub its juice on your skin.Treat with a poultice of either cornstarch or baking soda, mixed with vinegar, fresh lemon juice or witch hazel.Apply a paste made of meat tenderizer and water.Rub bites with wet bar soap to help relieve itching.

Migraine Headaches
Nibble on four or five feverfew leaves to relieve headache.

Mosquito Bites
Rub regular underarm deodorant across the bite, and the bite will stop itching right away.

Poison Ivy
Apply a paste of 3 parts baking soda and 1 part water. Let dry, then wash off. This also works on poison oak, poison sumac, or other skin irritations.

Rubdown
For a super scented rubdown, spray two clean, dry bath towels with your favorite cologne. Toss the towels in the dryer for 3 minutes on a high setting so that they are heated through. Rub them vigorously over your body for sensational skin. Damp skin will more readily absorb the fragrance.

Sinuses
While you're in the shower, inhale the steam as deeply as you can. It will help loosen any nasal stuffiness. This also helps if you have a deep bronchial cough.

Sore Throat
For relief, mix a tablespoon of honey and the juice of one lemon into a cup of warm water, and sip.

Splinters
A drop of iodine or mercurochrome on a splinter will make it show up better.

Sunburn
To cool sunburn, dissolve 1/2 cup or more baking soda in a tub of lukewarm.To relieve the sting of minor sunburn, cut an aloe leaf and rub its juice on your skin.

Blood Clots/Stroke - They Now Have a Fourth Indicator,the Tongue.

2008-09-17T22:17:00.000-07:00

STROKE: Remember The 1st Three Letters.... S.T.R.

STROKE IDENTIFICATION:

During a BBQ, a friend stumbled and took a little fall - she assured everyonethat she was fine (they offered to call paramedics) ...she said she hadjust tripped over a brick because of her new shoes.

They got her cleaned up and got her a new plate of food. While she appeareda bit shaken up, Ingrid went about enjoying herself the rest of the evening.

Ingrid's husband called later telling everyone that his wife had been takento the hospital - (at 6:00 pm Ingrid passed away.) She had suffered a strokeat the BBQ. Had they known how to identify the signs of a stroke, perhapsIngrid would be with us today. Some don't die.... they end up in a helpless,hopeless condition instead.

It only takes a minute to read this...A neurologist says that if he can get to a stroke victim within 3 hourshe can totally reverse the effects of a stroke... totally . He saidthe trick was getting a stroke recognized, diagnosed, and then gettingthe patient medically cared for within 3 hours, which is tough.

RECOGNIZING A STROKE

Thank God for the sense to remember the '3' steps, STR . Readand Learn!

Sometimes symptoms of a stroke are difficult to identify. Unfortunately,the lack of awareness spells disaster. The stroke victim may suffer severebrain damage when people nearby fail to recognize the symptoms of a stroke.

Now doctors say a bystander can recognize a stroke by asking three simplequestions:

S * Ask the individualto SMILE.

T * Ask the personto TALK and SPEAK A SIMPLE SENTENCE (Coherently) (i.e. It is sunny out today)

R * Ask him orher to RAISE BOTH ARMS.If he or she has trouble withANY ONE of these tasks,call 999/911 immediately and describe thesymptoms to the dispatcher. (For Australia : 000)

New Sign of a Stroke -------- Stick out Your Tongue

NOTE: Another 'sign' of a stroke is this: Ask the person to 'stick' out his tongue.. If the tongue is 'crooked', if it goes to one side or theother , thatis also an indication of a stroke.

A cardiologist says if everyone who gets this e-mail sends it to10 people; you can bet that at least one life will be saved.

Plastic Bottles

2008-09-17T02:13:00.000-07:00

Did you ever drink from a plastic bottle and see a triangle symbol on the bottom with a number inside?

Do you know what the number stands for? Did you guess that it ' s just for recycling? Then you are WRONG !!!!!! THE NUMBER TELLS YOU THE CHEMICAL MAKE UP OF THE PLASTIC.....

1) Polyethylene terephalate (PET)

2) High density polyethylene (HDPE)

3) Unplasticised polyvinyl chloride (UPVC) or Plasticised polyvinyl chloride (PPVC)

4) Low density polyethylene LDPE

5) Polypropylene (PP)

6) Polystyrene (PS) or Expandable polystyrene (EPS)

7) Other, including nylon and acrylic

What you aren ' t told is that many of the plastics used are toxic and the chemicals used to create a plastic can leach out of the plastic and into the food / drink.

Think about it, how many times have you or a friend said 'I don ' t like this, it taste like the plastic bottle ..... '

THAT ' S BECAUSE YOU ARE TASTING THE PLASTIC.

The WORST ONES are Nos: 3, 6, and 7.

DO NOT USE THESE NUMBERS if stated at the bottom of the bottle) !!! Check out this chart that breaks down the plastic, its uses and chemical makeup (I find #7 a little scary)

http://www.epd.gov.hk/epd/english/environmentinhk/waste/guide_ref/guide_plascod3.html

Reusing plastic bottles by refilling them is NOT a good idea.

WATCH THIS VIDEO: http://video.wnbc.com/player/?id=238518

Microwaving plastic containers affects the chemical make up of the plastic, allowing the chemical substances to destabilize and leach out more quickly into the food you are reheating.

You can check out this article that ran in the Wall Street Journal: http://www.mindfully.org/Plastic/Microwave-Health-Problems.htm

EVEN one of my favorite 'RUMOR DEBUNKING' websites, URBANLEGENDS.ABOUT.COM lists the information as: overblown with a grain of TRUTH READ the FULL 3 pages of the article! http://urbanlegends.about.com/library/bl-microwave-dioxin.htm

AVOID re-using plastic bottles RIGHT AWAY.

DNA replication

2008-09-12T03:10:00.000-07:00

These amazing sketches were done by our very great Bio lecturer, Mr Jaya!!!!!!